Su:m37 Losec Summa Elixir Treatment

Su:m37 Losec Summa Elixir Treatment

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Overview

What it is

Facial treatment with 140 ingredients that contains exfoliants and Vitamin E

Cool Features

It is reef safe

Suited For

It has ingredients that are good for anti aging, dry skin, brightening skin, sensitive skin, scar healing and dark spots

Free From

It doesn't contain any parabens or sulfates

Fun facts

Su:m37 is from South Korea. This product is used in 2 routines created by our community.

We independently verify ingredients and our claims are backed by peer-reviewed research. Does this product need an update? Let us know.

About this product

Ingredients List

Dive into the full list of ingredients.

56
22
62

Water

Skin Conditioning

Glycerin

Humectant
0 / 0 Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps brighten skin Icon

2,3-Butanediol

Humectant

1,2-Hexanediol

Skin Conditioning

Alcohol Denat.

Antimicrobial
Alcohol IconCan worsen Dry Skin IconMay worsen Oily Skin IconMay cause irritation IconMay worsen Eczema IconMay worsen Rosacea Icon

Panthenol

Skin Conditioning
0 / 0 Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconHelps reduce irritation Icon

PEG/PPG-17/6 Copolymer

Solvent

Hydrogenated Lecithin

Emulsifying

Dimethicone

Emollient
1 / 0 Silicon Icon

Dipropylene Glycol

Masking

Butylene Glycol

Humectant
1 / 0 Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

PEG-12 Dimethicone

Skin Conditioning
Silicon Icon

Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer

Emulsion Stabilising

Hydrogenated Polydecene

Emollient

Serine

Masking

Lactobacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract

Skin Conditioning

Saccharomyces/Potato Extract Ferment Filtrate

Humectant

Arginine

Masking
Good for Scar Healing IconNot safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Saccharomyces/Barley Seed Ferment Filtrate

Humectant

Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer

Emulsion Stabilising

Biosaccharide Gum-1

Skin Conditioning

Cetyl Phosphate

Emulsifying

Erythritol

Humectant

Ethylhexylglycerin

Skin Conditioning

Protease

Skin Conditioning

Wine Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Lactobacillus/Wasabia Japonica Root Ferment Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Saccharomyces/Grape Ferment Extract

Skin Conditioning

Lactobacillus/Pear Juice Ferment Filtrate

Skin Conditioning

Tocopherol

Antioxidant
0-3 / 0-3 Vitamin E IconAntioxidant IconHelps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps with Anti-Aging IconGood for Scar Healing Icon

Salvia Officinalis Leaf Extract

Cleansing

Zingiber Officinale Root Extract

Masking

Carum Petroselinum Extract

Skin Conditioning

Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Bark Extract

Antimicrobial
Antioxidant IconFragrance Icon

Coriandrum Sativum Fruit/Leaf Extract

Antiseborrhoeic

Cymbopogon Citratus Extract

Skin Conditioning

Eugenia Caryophyllus Flower Extract

Astringent

Foeniculum Vulgare Fruit Extract

Emollient

Fraxinus Excelsior Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Honey Extract

Humectant
Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

Hypericum Perforatum Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract

Skin Conditioning

Illicium Verum Fruit Extract

Perfuming
Fragrance Icon

Lactobacillus/Punica Granatum Fruit Ferment Extract

Skin Conditioning

Lavandula Angustifolia Flower Extract

Cleansing
May cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Marrubium Vulgare Extract

Skin Conditioning

Nigella Sativa Seed Extract

Perfuming
Fragrance Icon

Valeriana Officinalis Rhizome/Root Extract

Masking

Yeast Ferment Extract

Skin Conditioning

Lactobacillus

Skin Conditioning

Lactobacillus/Rye Flour Ferment

Skin Conditioning

Lactobacillus/Water Hyacinth Ferment

Skin Protecting

Monascus/Rice Ferment

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Saccharomyces/Xylinum/Black Tea Ferment

Skin Conditioning
Helps reduce irritation Icon

Acer Palmatum Leaf Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Acorus Calamus Root Extract

Perfuming
Fragrance Icon

Actinidia Polygama Fruit Extract

Skin Conditioning

Akebia Quinata Extract

Skin Conditioning

Allium Cepa Bulb Extract

Skin Conditioning

Allium Sativum Bulb Extract

Skin Conditioning

Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract

Skin Conditioning

Artemisia Princeps Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Beta Vulgaris Root Extract

Skin Conditioning

Brassica Oleracea Capitata Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Brassica Rapa Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Camellia Japonica Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Carica Papaya Fruit Extract

Skin Conditioning

Carthamus Tinctorius Flower Extract

Skin Conditioning

Cassia Obtusifolia Seed Extract

Skin Conditioning

Centella Asiatica Extract

Cleansing
Helps reduce Skin Redness IconHelps reduce irritation Icon

Chaenomeles Sinensis Fruit Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract

Masking
Helps reduce Skin Redness IconHelps reduce irritation Icon

Cichorium Intybus Root Extract

Masking

Citrullus Lanatus Fruit Extract

Skin Conditioning

Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Leaf Extract

Astringent

Citrus Junos Fruit Extract

Skin Conditioning

Citrus Unshiu Peel Extract

Masking

Codonopsis Lanceolata Root Extract

Skin Conditioning

Crataegus Cuneata Fruit Extract

Skin Conditioning

Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract

Emollient

Curcuma Longa Root Extract

Masking
Fragrance Icon

Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract

Skin Conditioning

Diospyros Kaki Fruit Extract

Skin Conditioning

Equisetum Arvense Extract

Astringent

Eriobotrya Japonica Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Ficus Carica Fruit Extract

Humectant

Geranium Robertianum Extract

Astringent

Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Glechoma Hederacea Extract

Skin Conditioning

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract

Bleaching
Good for Dark Spots Icon

Grifola Frondosa Fruiting Body Extract

Emollient

Helianthus Annuus Seed Extract

Skin Conditioning

Hemerocallis Fulva Flower Extract

Skin Conditioning

Houttuynia Cordata Extract

Skin Conditioning
Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconHelps reduce irritation Icon

Ipomoea Batatas Root Extract

Skin Conditioning

Lentinus Edodes Extract

Skin Conditioning

Lippia Citriodora Leaf Extract

Astringent
Fragrance IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Lonicera Japonica Flower Extract

Skin Conditioning

Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Melilotus Officinalis Extract

Astringent

Mentha Piperita Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract

Masking
Fragrance Icon

Morus Bombycis Leaf Extract

Smoothing

Musa Sapientum Fruit Extract

Skin Conditioning

Nelumbo Nucifera Root Extract

Skin Conditioning

Ocimum Basilicum Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Panicum Miliaceum Seed Extract

Skin Conditioning

Perilla Frutescens Leaf Extract

Masking

Vigna Angularis Seed Extract

Skin Protecting

Plantago Major Seed Extract

Skin Conditioning

Platycodon Grandiflorus Root Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Portulaca Oleracea Extract

Skin Conditioning

Prunus Armeniaca Fruit

Astringent

Prunus Persica Fruit Extract

Abrasive
Exfoliant Icon

Prunus Salicina Fruit Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Malus Domestica Fruit Extract

Antioxidant
Antioxidant Icon

Raphanus Sativus Root Extract

Astringent

Rehmannia Chinensis Root Extract

Skin Conditioning

Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract

Antimicrobial

Rubus Idaeus Fruit Extract

Astringent

Sasa Veitchii Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Schizonepeta Tenuifolia Extract

Skin Conditioning

Sesamum Indicum Seed Extract

Skin Conditioning

Spinacia Oleracea Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Taraxacum Officinale Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Thymus Vulgaris Leaf Extract

Skin Protecting

Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root Extract

Skin Protecting

Tuber Magnatum Extract

Skin Conditioning

Undaria Pinnatifida Extract

Skin Conditioning

Vinegar

Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil

Masking
Fragrance IconOil Icon

Santalum Album Oil

Masking
Oil IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Citrus Aurantifolia Oil

Cleansing
Fragrance IconOil Icon

Juniperus Mexicana Oil

Masking
Oil Icon

Citrus Limon Peel Oil

Masking
Fragrance IconOil IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil

Masking
Oil Icon

Rosa Damascena Flower Oil

Masking
Oil Icon

Limonene

Perfuming
Fragrance IconMay worsen Eczema IconMay worsen Rosacea Icon

Linalool

Perfuming
Fragrance IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen IconMay worsen Eczema IconMay worsen Rosacea Icon

Citral

Perfuming
Fragrance IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen IconMay worsen Rosacea Icon

Citronellol

Perfuming
Fragrance IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Geraniol

Perfuming
Fragrance IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Water, Glycerin, 2,3-Butanediol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Alcohol Denat., Panthenol, PEG/PPG-17/6 Copolymer, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Dimethicone, Dipropylene Glycol, Butylene Glycol, PEG-12 Dimethicone, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer, Hydrogenated Polydecene, Serine, Lactobacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract, Saccharomyces/Potato Extract Ferment Filtrate, Arginine, Saccharomyces/Barley Seed Ferment Filtrate, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Biosaccharide Gum-1, Cetyl Phosphate, Erythritol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Protease, Wine Extract, Lactobacillus/Wasabia Japonica Root Ferment Extract, Saccharomyces/Grape Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Pear Juice Ferment Filtrate, Tocopherol, Salvia Officinalis Leaf Extract, Zingiber Officinale Root Extract, Carum Petroselinum Extract, Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Bark Extract, Coriandrum Sativum Fruit/Leaf Extract, Cymbopogon Citratus Extract, Eugenia Caryophyllus Flower Extract, Foeniculum Vulgare Fruit Extract, Fraxinus Excelsior Leaf Extract, Honey Extract, Hypericum Perforatum Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract, Illicium Verum Fruit Extract, Lactobacillus/Punica Granatum Fruit Ferment Extract, Lavandula Angustifolia Flower Extract, Marrubium Vulgare Extract, Nigella Sativa Seed Extract, Valeriana Officinalis Rhizome/Root Extract, Yeast Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus/Rye Flour Ferment, Lactobacillus/Water Hyacinth Ferment, Monascus/Rice Ferment, Saccharomyces/Xylinum/Black Tea Ferment, Acer Palmatum Leaf Extract, Acorus Calamus Root Extract, Actinidia Polygama Fruit Extract, Akebia Quinata Extract, Allium Cepa Bulb Extract, Allium Sativum Bulb Extract, Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract, Artemisia Princeps Leaf Extract, Beta Vulgaris Root Extract, Brassica Oleracea Capitata Leaf Extract, Brassica Rapa Leaf Extract, Camellia Japonica Leaf Extract, Carica Papaya Fruit Extract, Carthamus Tinctorius Flower Extract, Cassia Obtusifolia Seed Extract, Centella Asiatica Extract, Chaenomeles Sinensis Fruit Extract, Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract, Cichorium Intybus Root Extract, Citrullus Lanatus Fruit Extract, Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Leaf Extract, Citrus Junos Fruit Extract, Citrus Unshiu Peel Extract, Codonopsis Lanceolata Root Extract, Crataegus Cuneata Fruit Extract, Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract, Curcuma Longa Root Extract, Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract, Diospyros Kaki Fruit Extract, Equisetum Arvense Extract, Eriobotrya Japonica Leaf Extract, Ficus Carica Fruit Extract, Geranium Robertianum Extract, Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract, Glechoma Hederacea Extract, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Grifola Frondosa Fruiting Body Extract, Helianthus Annuus Seed Extract, Hemerocallis Fulva Flower Extract, Houttuynia Cordata Extract, Ipomoea Batatas Root Extract, Lentinus Edodes Extract, Lippia Citriodora Leaf Extract, Lonicera Japonica Flower Extract, Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract, Melilotus Officinalis Extract, Mentha Piperita Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract, Morus Bombycis Leaf Extract, Musa Sapientum Fruit Extract, Nelumbo Nucifera Root Extract, Ocimum Basilicum Leaf Extract, Panicum Miliaceum Seed Extract, Perilla Frutescens Leaf Extract, Vigna Angularis Seed Extract, Plantago Major Seed Extract, Platycodon Grandiflorus Root Extract, Portulaca Oleracea Extract, Prunus Armeniaca Fruit, Prunus Persica Fruit Extract, Prunus Salicina Fruit Extract, Malus Domestica Fruit Extract, Raphanus Sativus Root Extract, Rehmannia Chinensis Root Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract, Rubus Idaeus Fruit Extract, Sasa Veitchii Leaf Extract, Schizonepeta Tenuifolia Extract, Sesamum Indicum Seed Extract, Spinacia Oleracea Leaf Extract, Taraxacum Officinale Leaf Extract, Thymus Vulgaris Leaf Extract, Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root Extract, Tuber Magnatum Extract, Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Vinegar, Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil, Santalum Album Oil, Citrus Aurantifolia Oil, Juniperus Mexicana Oil, Citrus Limon Peel Oil, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil, Rosa Damascena Flower Oil, Limonene, Linalool, Citral, Citronellol, Geraniol

Key Ingredients

Benefits

Concerns

Ingredients Explained

Skin Conditioning, Solvent

Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.

So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.

You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Stay hydrated!

Learn more about Water
Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Skin Protecting

Glycerin is already naturally found in your skin. It helps moisturize and protect your skin.

A study from 2016 found glycerin to be more effective as a humectant than AHAs and hyaluronic acid.

As a humectant, it helps the skin stay hydrated by pulling moisture to your skin. The low molecular weight of glycerin allows it to pull moisture into the deeper layers of your skin.

Hydrated skin improves your skin barrier; Your skin barrier helps protect against irritants and bacteria.

Glycerin has also been found to have antimicrobial and antiviral properties. Due to these properties, glycerin is often used in wound and burn treatments.

In cosmetics, glycerin is usually derived from plants such as soybean or palm. However, it can also be sourced from animals, such as tallow or animal fat.

This ingredient is organic, colorless, odorless, and non-toxic.

Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.

Learn more about Glycerin
Humectant, Masking, Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for 2,3-Butanediol yet.

Skin Conditioning, Solvent

1,2-Hexanediol is a synthetic liquid and another multi-functional powerhouse. 

It is a:

  • Humectant, drawing moisture into the skin
  • Emollient, helping to soften skin
  • Solvent, dispersing and stabilizing formulas
  • Preservative booster, enhancing the antimicrobial activity of other preservatives 
Antimicrobial, Astringent, Masking

Alcohol Denat. is an alcohol with a denaturant property. It is created by mixing ethanol with other additives.

This ingredient gets a bad rep because it is irritating and drying - mostly due to its astringent property. Astringents draw out natural oils in tissue, constricting pores and leaving your skin dried out.

However, alcohol denat. is not all that bad.

Due to its low molecular weight, alcohol denat. tends to evaporate quickly. One study on pig skin found half of applied alcohol evaporated in 10 seconds and less than 3% stayed on skin.

This also helps other ingredients become better absorbed upon application.

Studies are conflicted about whether this ingredient causes skin dehydration. One study from 2005 found adding emollients to propanol-based sanitizer decreased skin dryness and irritation. Another study found irritation only occurs if your skin is already damaged.

Small amounts of alcohol are generally tolerated by oily skin or people who live in humid environments.

The rule of thumb is if this alcohol is near the end of an ingredients list, it will probably not affect your skin much.

Also...

This ingredient has antimicrobial and solvent properties.

The antimicrobial property helps preserve products and increase their shelf life. As a solvent, it helps dissolve other ingredients.

Other types of astringent alcohols include:

Learn more about Alcohol Denat.
Skin Conditioning

Panthenol is a common ingredient that helps hydrate and soothe the skin. It is found naturally in our skin and hair.

There are two forms of panthenol: D and L.

D-panthenol is also known as dexpanthenol. Most cosmetics use dexpanthenol or a mixture of D and L-panthenol.

Panthenol is famous due to its ability to go deeper into the skin's layers. Using this ingredient has numerous pros (and no cons):

Like hyaluronic acid, panthenol is a humectant. Humectants are able to bind and hold large amounts of water to keep skin hydrated.

This ingredient works well for wound healing. It works by increasing tissue in the wound and helps close open wounds.

Once oxidized, panthenol converts to pantothenic acid. Panthothenic acid is found in all living cells.

This ingredient is also referred to as pro-vitamin B5.

Learn more about Panthenol

We don't have a description for PEG/PPG-17/6 Copolymer yet.

Emulsifying, Skin Conditioning

Hydrogenated Lecithin is created from the hydrogenation of lecithin (a group of phospholipids). Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between hydrogen and another element.

This ingredient is an emollient and emulsifier. As an emollient, it helps soften skin by trapping moisture within. As an emulsifier, it prevents oil and water ingredients from separating.

Emollient, Skin Conditioning, Skin Protecting

Dimethicone is a type of synthetic silicone created from natural materials such as quartz.

What it does:

Dimethicone comes in different viscosities:

Depending on the viscosity, dimethicone has different properties.

Ingredients lists don't always show which type is used, so we recommend reaching out to the brand if you have questions about the viscosity.

This ingredient is unlikely to cause irritation because it does not get absorbed into skin. However, people with silicone allergies should be careful about using this ingredient.

Note: Dimethicone may contribute to pilling. This is because it is not oil or water soluble, so pilling may occur when layered with products. When mixed with heavy oils in a formula, the outcome is also quite greasy.

Learn more about Dimethicone
Masking, Solvent

Dipropylene Glycol is a synthetically created stabilizer and solvent. It is a part of the glycol class in the alcohol family.

Dipropylene Glycol helps dissolve and evenly distribute ingredients. It also helps decrease viscosity and thin out texture.

As a masking agent, Dipropylene Glycol can be used to cover the smell of other ingredients. However, it does not have a scent.

Studies show Dipropylene Glycol is considered safe to use in skincare.

Learn more about Dipropylene Glycol
Humectant, Masking, Skin Conditioning

Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons:

  • It is a solvent, meaning that it helps to dissolve other ingredients. This also enhances the absorption of the product into one's skin.
  • It is a humectant, which means that it helps attract moisture into the skin.
  • It helps improve product application.
  • It has mild preservative properties.

Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients.

Skin Conditioning

PEG-12 Dimethicone is a type of silicone.

We don't have a description for Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer yet.

Emollient, Masking, Skin Conditioning

Hydrogenated Polydecene is an emollient. It creates a non-occlusive film on the skin that offers extra protection for your skin barrier.

The texture of Hydrogenated Polydecene ranges from light and silky to rich.

Hydrogenated Polydecene is the end compound of controlled hydrogenation of Polydecene.

Learn more about Hydrogenated Polydecene
Masking, Skin Conditioning

Serine is an amino acid naturally found in our body. Our bodies use amino acids to create protein.

Amino-acids help give keep our skin hydrated. They play an important role in the skin barrier, which keeps the skin plump and firm.

Serine is a non-essential amino acid, meaning we don't need to obtain it from eating foods.

Learn more about Serine

This ingredient is created by fermenting soybean extract with the bacteria, lactobacillus.

Some studies have shown it to have antioxidant properties. One study found this ingredient to have stronger properties than non-fermented soybean extract.

Another study found in increase of isoflavones, amino acids, and peptides in fermented soy milk.

Learn more about Lactobacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract

We don't have a description for Saccharomyces/Potato Extract Ferment Filtrate yet.

Masking, Skin Conditioning

Arginine is an amino acid that is important for human development. Your body uses is it to produce hair keratin and skin collagen.

As a cosmetic ingredient, Arginine has antioxidant properties and can also help repair damaged skin. This ingredient is derived either synthetically or from animals.

Arginine isn't fungal acne safe when used in the presence of other lipids (fats, fatty acids, oils, esters, etc). Oils and fats occur naturally within the skin, so take caution when using Arginine if you're prone to fungal acne.

Learn more about Arginine

We don't have a description for Saccharomyces/Barley Seed Ferment Filtrate yet.

Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer is a synthetic polymer. It is used to thicken and improve the texture of products. Due to its properties, it can prevent water and oil ingredients from separating.

Skin Conditioning

Biosaccharide Gum-1 is a sugar created from fermented sorbitol. Most sorbitol is made from potato starch.

This ingredient is a a skin conditioning ingredient and helps moisturize the skin.

It is also naturally found in fruits such as apples and pears.

Learn more about Biosaccharide Gum-1
Emulsifying

We don't have a description for Cetyl Phosphate yet.

Humectant, Moisturising, Skin Conditioning

You might know this ingredient as a sugar substitute in foods. It is a sugar alcohol with humectant properties.

Humectants attract water to your skin (like glycerin or hyaluronic acid).

Fun fact: Erythritol can be naturally found in some fermented foods.

Learn more about Erythritol
Skin Conditioning

Ethylhexylglycerin (we can't pronounce this either) is commonly used as a preservative and skin softener. It is derived from glyceryl.

You might see Ethylhexylglycerin often paired with other preservatives such as phenoxyethanol. Ethylhexylglycerin has been found to increase the effectiveness of these other preservatives.

Skin Conditioning

These enzymes break down protein into smaller peptides and amino acids. They also encourage the formation of new protein.

Our skin uses peptides, amino acids, and protein for maintaining healthy skin cells.

Protease work by breaking peptide bonds in protein with hydrolysis. This is the process of breaking bonds using water.

An in-vitro study (not done on a living organism) found a blend of 3-protease decreases skin inflammation by mitigating the effects of other proteins.

One manufacturer that uses subtilisin, a protease from Bacillus subtilis, claims this ingredient is exfoliating, promotes cell regeneration, and is a good substitute for AHAs. Further research is needed to back up these claims.

Fun fact: The human body contains ~641 protease genes.

Learn more about Protease
Antioxidant

Wine Extract is an antioxidant.

Lactobacillus/Wasabia Japonica Root Ferment Extract is an antioxidant.

We don't have a description for Saccharomyces/Grape Ferment Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Lactobacillus/Pear Juice Ferment Filtrate yet.

Antioxidant, Masking, Skin Conditioning

Tocopherol (also known as Vitamin E) is a common antioxidant used to help protect the skin from free-radicals and strengthen the skin barrier. It's also fat soluble - this means our skin is great at absorbing it.

Vitamin E also helps keep your natural skin lipids healthy. Your lipid skin barrier naturally consists of lipids, ceramides, and fatty acids. Vitamin E offers extra protection for your skin’s lipid barrier, keeping your skin healthy and nourished.

Another benefit is a bit of UV protection. Vitamin E helps reduce the damage caused by UVB rays. (It should not replace your sunscreen). Combining it with Vitamin C can decrease sunburned cells and hyperpigmentation after UV exposure.

You might have noticed Vitamin E + C often paired together. This is because it is great at stabilizing Vitamin C. Using the two together helps increase the effectiveness of both ingredients.

There are often claims that Vitamin E can reduce/prevent scarring, but these claims haven't been confirmed by scientific research.

Learn more about Tocopherol
Cleansing, Skin Conditioning, Tonic

Sage leaf extract is a culinary and medicinal herb with antibacterial, antioxidant, and soothing properties.

This ingredient is made up of 75-90% ursolic acid, a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound.

Masking, Skin Conditioning, Tonic

Zingiber Officinale is more commonly known as ginger.

Ginger root has antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antimicrobial properties.

The antioxidant properties help protect your body from free-radicals. Free-radicals are molecules that may damage your skin cells. As a result, ginger may help slow down signs of aging such as hyperpigmentation and wrinkles.

Studies show ginger inhibits the enzyme that breaks down collagen. It also helps with:

This ingredient has no negative side-effects and is safe to use unless one has a specific allergy to it.

Ginger originates from Southeast Asia but has spread throughout the world. It is now a common spice used in many cultures.

Learn more about Zingiber Officinale Root Extract
Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Carum Petroselinum Extract yet.

Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Astringent

This cinnamon tree also called true cinnamon or Ceylon cinnamon. It has antimicrobial, emollient, skin hydrating, and antioxidant properties.

This tree is native to Sri Lanka.

Antiseborrhoeic, Masking

The leaf of the coriander tree is often called cilantro. Cilantro is rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin K.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Cymbopogon Citratus Extract yet.

Astringent, Masking, Tonic

We don't have a description for Eugenia Caryophyllus Flower Extract yet.

Emollient, Skin Conditioning, Soothing

We don't have a description for Foeniculum Vulgare Fruit Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Fraxinus Excelsior Leaf Extract yet.

Humectant, Skin Conditioning

This ingredient comes from honey made by bees. It is hydrating, antibacterial, anti-aging, and skin soothing.

Honey also contains amino acids, peptides, Vitamins A, C, and E.

The humectant property of honey draws moisture from the air to your skin. This makes it great at helping to hydrate the skin.

Honey may help reduce the signs of aging due to its antioxidant properties. Fun fact: darker honey has more antioxidants than light honey. The antibacterial property of honey may make it effective at helping to treat acne by killing acne-causing bacteria.

Many people wonder if honey extract is vegan. It is technically a byproduct from bees. This is because honey is created from the digestive enzymes in a bee's stomach.

Remember to be kind to bees :) They are important for many ecosystems and are endangered.

Learn more about Honey Extract

We don't have a description for Hypericum Perforatum Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract yet.

Perfuming, Skin Conditioning

Star anise extract is used to add a scent to a product. It has a similar smell to black licorice.

This ingredient comes from fermenting pomegranate with lactobacillus.

It displays strong antioxidant properties. One study found fermented pomegranate to help with moisture, brightness, elasticity, and collagen after 8 weeks.

Cleansing, Masking, Refreshing

Lavandula Angustifolia Flower Extract comes from the lavender plant. Lavender extract has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Many components of lavender flowers are antioxidants, such as ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and several flavonoids.

Traditional Iranian folk medicine uses Lavender extract to help treat inflammation.

Lavender extract may have a scent. It contains linalool, a known allergen. However, lavender extract contains less linalool than lavender essential oil.

Learn more about Lavandula Angustifolia Flower Extract
Skin Conditioning, Soothing

We don't have a description for Marrubium Vulgare Extract yet.

Perfuming, Skin Conditioning

Nigella Sativa Seed Extract is a fragrance.

Masking, Skin Conditioning, Soothing

We don't have a description for Valeriana Officinalis Rhizome/Root Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Yeast Ferment Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Lactobacillus is a type of bacteria with skin conditioning properties. This ingredient has antibacterial and antifungal properties (that's why we can eat fermented foods).

Learn more about the benefits of lactobacillus ferment here.

Fun Fact: Lactobacillus is used to create wine, yogurt, cheese, sauerkraut, pickles, beer, cider, kimchi, cocoa, kefir.

Learn more about Lactobacillus

We don't have a description for Lactobacillus/Rye Flour Ferment yet.

We don't have a description for Lactobacillus/Water Hyacinth Ferment yet.

Antioxidant, Skin Protecting

Monascus/Rice Ferment is an antioxidant.

This combination of bacteria + black tea + fermentation = kombucha.

According to a manufacturer, this ingredient helps boost radiance, smoothness, and thickens skin.

You can read about the skin benefits of the individual parts here: Saccharomyces Black tea

Learn more about Saccharomyces/Xylinum/Black Tea Ferment

Acer Palmatum Leaf Extract is an antioxidant.

Perfuming, Skin Conditioning

Acorus Calamus Root Extract is a fragrance.

We don't have a description for Actinidia Polygama Fruit Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Akebia Quinata Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Red onion extract? This ingredient not only benefits our diet but also offers numerous benefits for the skin.

Like many other plant extracts, red onion is loaded with antioxidants and nutrients. The red color of the onion comes from its high anthocyanin content - and anthocyanin is a potent antioxidant.

Besides being rich in antioxidants, red onions also contain sulfur, sugars, Vitamin C, and biotin.

A study from 2018 found onion extract to be just as effective as healing surgical scars as traditional silicone gel.

Another study from 2008 showed using this ingredient helped reduce surgical scar texture, redness, and overall appearance in 60 patients.

According to a manufacturer, this ingredient can help with the following:

Another manufacturer from Spain claims onion extract can inhibit the release of allergy hormones and prostaglandin, or lipids found near tissue damage and infection spots.

This ingredient is water-soluble.

Learn more about Allium Cepa Bulb Extract
Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Allium Sativum Bulb Extract yet.

This ingredient is more commonly known as Zhi Mu root. You might see this ingredient listed under 'Volufiline' products.

That's because 'Volufiline' is comprised of this ingredient and Hydrogenated Polyisobutene.

Zhi Mu root is rich in sarsasapogenin. This compound has anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.

It is commonly used in East Asian medicine.

Learn more about Anemarrhena Asphodeloides Root Extract

This leaf extract comes from the Asian mugwort. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Fun fact: This flower is part of the sunflower family.

Skin Conditioning

Beta Vulgaris Root Extract comes from the beet root plant. Beet Root has high Vitamin C content.

Beet roots also contain antioxidants. Antioxidants help fight free-radicals. Free-radicals are molecules that may damage your skin cells, such as pollution.

Beet root has many benefits when eaten. More research is needed on applying beetroot in skincare.

Beet Root is used to add pink/red color.

Learn more about Beta Vulgaris Root Extract

We don't have a description for Brassica Oleracea Capitata Leaf Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Brassica Rapa Leaf Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Camellia Japonica Leaf Extract comes from the leaves of the Camellia japonica plant. This plant is native to East Asia.

The leaves of Camellia Japonica have been found to have anti-inflammatory compounds. These include squalene, lupeol, and vitamin E.

This extract is created by using 50% 1,3-Butylene glycol.

Learn more about Camellia Japonica Leaf Extract
Skin Conditioning

Carica Papaya Fruit Extract comes from the papaya fruit. Papayas were first domesticated in Mexico and Central America.

This fruit extract contains papain and chymopapain, two types of enzymes. These enzyme have exfoliating and anti-inflammatory properties. One study shows papain may help reduce scarring.

Papaya is also a rich source of antioxidants. Antioxidants protect your skin against damage from free-radical molecules. This may help protect against signs of aging. One antioxidant present in papayas is lycopene.

Papaya also contains Vitamin A, also known as retinol.

While papaya is used as an ingredient to help lighten skin, research is limited on this.

The seeds of papaya have been found to have anti-fungal activity.

Learn more about Carica Papaya Fruit Extract

We don't have a description for Carthamus Tinctorius Flower Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Cassia Obtusifolia Seed Extract yet.

Cleansing, Skin Conditioning, Smoothing

Centella Asiatica Extract (Centella) is derived from an herb native to Southeast Asia. It is famous for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.

Centella is rich in antioxidants and amino acids, such as Madecassic Acid and Asiaticoside.

Studies show the compounds in centella help with:

The combination of all these properties makes centella effective at soothing, hydrating, and protecting the skin.

Other great components of centella include Vitamin A, vitamin C, several B vitamins, and Asiatic Acid.

Fun fact: Centella has been used as a medicine and in food for many centuries. As a medicine, it is used to treat burns, scratches, and wounds.

Learn more about Centella Asiatica Extract
Antioxidant, Astringent, Emollient

Chaenomeles Sinensis Fruit Extract is an antioxidant.

Masking, Skin Conditioning

Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract comes from the Chamomile flower.

Chamomile is rich in antioxidants and has anti-inflammatory properties. Several compounds found in chamomile help with soothing, such as bisbolol.

Antioxidant components in chamomile make it an effective ingredient to help slow the signs of aging. Antioxidants help fight free-radical molecules, or molecules that may damage your skin.

Essential oils from chamomile have been found to improve wound healing due to its antimicrobial properties.

Ancient Greeks and Egyptians used Chamomile to treat skin redness and dryness. Chamomile has also been used to help treat stomach issues.

Learn more about Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract
Masking, Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Cichorium Intybus Root Extract yet.

Citrullus Lanatus Fruit Extract comes from the watermelon. Watermelon has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Watermelons are rich in antioxidants such as Vitamin A, Vitamin C and lycopene. It also contains sugars and amino acids, such as arginine and glutathione.

Lycopene is a potent antioxidant. Besides helping to protect your skin against free-radical molecules, it also helps soothe the skin. Lycopene gives watermelon the distinct red color.

Learn more about Citrullus Lanatus Fruit Extract

We don't have a description for Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Leaf Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Citrus Junos Fruit Extract comes from the Citrus Junos tree, or the Yuzu plant.

Yuzu has many skin benefits. It contains antioxidants and a variety of Vitamins. The vitamins found in yuzu include: Vitamin C, Vitamin A, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B5.

Vitamins C and A also provide plenty of skin benefits such as boosting collagen production and helping to reduce the signs of aging.

For those with allergies, Yuzu does contain limonene and linalool. Both these compounds may cause skin sensitivity. If you have concerns, we recommend speaking with a professional.

Learn more about Citrus Junos Fruit Extract

We don't have a description for Citrus Unshiu Peel Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Codonopsis Lanceolata Root Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Crataegus Cuneata Fruit Extract yet.

Emollient, Skin Conditioning

This extract comes from cucumber. Cucumbers are mostly made up of water (95%), and the other 5% is composed of: vitamin C, caffeic acid, fatty acids, amino acids, and other minerals.

Cucumbers have anti-inflammatory, barrier repair, and hydrating properties.

They contain shikimate dehydrigenase, an enzyme shown to help reduce inflammation and soothe the skin.

The amino acids found in cucumbers help nourish our skin's natural acid mantle (it's an important part of our skin barrier). This slightly acidic film acts as a barrier to protect us from bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants.

Unless you have an allergy to cucumbers, this is generally a non-irritating ingredient.

Fun fact: Cucumis Sativus is native to South Asia and can now be found on every continent.

Learn more about Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract
Masking, Perfuming

Curcuma Longa Root Extract is from the spice, turmeric. Besides being a healthy and delicious spice, turmeric also has plenty of skincare benefits. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-microbial properties.

Turmeric contains curcumin, an antioxidant. Antioxidants help neutralize unstable free-radical molecules. Free-radical molecules may damage your skin's cells and DNA. Curcumin may help with anti-aging.

Curcumin also has anti-inflammatory properties and can help soothe skin and reduce irritation. On top of that, curcumin has been shown to help prevent hyperpigmentation from sun damage.

The anti-microbial property of turmeric can make it effective in treating acne. This property has also been shown to help regulate the production of sebum.

Learn more about Curcuma Longa Root Extract

Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract comes from the root commonly known as carrot (the orange kind we eat!).

This extract contains beta-carotene, a pigment responsible for giving plants the orange color. Beta-carotene is a potent antioxidant. Antioxidants may help reduce the signs of aging.

Beta-carotene is the reason we turn orange if we eat too many carrots.

It should be noted coming into contact with the leaves of wild carrots can cause skin irritation. The sap causes phytophotodermatitis, or sensitivity exposed to sunlight.

This ingredient is created using the edible parts of the carrot.

Learn more about Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract
Skin Conditioning

Diospyros Kaki Fruit Extract comes from the persimmon, a fruit native to India, China, and Korea. It is rich in antioxidants and contains skin nourishing vitamins.

The antioxidant properties of persimmon come from tannins, flavonoids, carotenoids, and some of its vitamin content. Antioxidants may help with anti-aging.

Vitamins A and C also have plenty of skin benefits as well.

Learn more about Diospyros Kaki Fruit Extract
Astringent, Emollient, Soothing

We don't have a description for Equisetum Arvense Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Tonic

We don't have a description for Eriobotrya Japonica Leaf Extract yet.

Ficus Carica Fruit Extract comes from the fruit known as the fig. Figs are rich in antioxidants and helps hydrate the skin.

Figs also contain fatty acids and Vitamins A, B1, and B2.

As a humectant, figs are able to draw moisture from the air to your skin. This helps keep your skin hydrated.

Learn more about Ficus Carica Fruit Extract
Astringent, Tonic

We don't have a description for Geranium Robertianum Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract comes from the leaves of the Ginkgo tree. It has soothing and antioxidant properties.

The leaves of ginkgo contains flavonoids and terpenoids, potent antioxidants. Antioxidants may protect your skin from damage caused by external sources such as pollution.

Its soothing ability comes from a variety of compounds including biflavones, a type of flavonoid. Studies show gingko biloba has strong anti-inflammatory properties.

Fun fact: This tree is native to China and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years.

Learn more about Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract
Skin Conditioning, Tonic

We don't have a description for Glechoma Hederacea Extract yet.

Bleaching, Emollient, Skin Conditioning

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract is an extract of the roots of Licorice. It has been found to have several benefits such as skin hydrating, conditioning, and soothing.

One component, glabridin, has extra potent antioxidant and soothing properties. It has also been found to block pigmentation from UVB rays in guinea pigs.

Licorice Root also contains a flavonoid. Flavonoids are a natural substance from in plants. Flavonoids also have antioxidant properties.

Another component, glycyrrhizin, has been found to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial benefits. This may make licorice root extract effective at treating acne. However, more research is needed to support this.

Liquiritin is one of the flavone compounds found in licorice. It has been found to help lighten skin by preventing tyrosinase from reacting with tyrosine. When the two react, protein is converted to melanin. Melanin is the substance in your body that gives your features pigmentation.

Learn more about Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract
Emollient, Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Grifola Frondosa Fruiting Body Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Helianthus Annuus Seed Extract comes from sunflower seeds.

Sunflower seeds are rich in vitamin E. Studies show sunflowers contain antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

The fatty acids found in sunflower seeds include (from highest amount to least): linoleic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, oleic acid, and linolenic acid.

These fatty acids hydrate your skin. Emollients create a film on the skin to prevent moisture from escaping.

Learn more about Helianthus Annuus Seed Extract

We don't have a description for Hemerocallis Fulva Flower Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Houttuynia Cordata Extract is more commonly known as Heart Leaf, Fish Mint, or Chameleon plant.

The components found in Heart Leaf give it antioxidant, hydrating, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Heart Leaf is rich in flavonoids such as quercetin, apigenin, and more. It also contains polysaccharides, the most common type of carbs in food.

Flavonoids have been shown to be effective antioxidants. They help neutralize free-radical molecules. Free-radical molecules are unstable molecules that may damage our skin cells and DNA. The flavonoids in Heart Leaf also help soothe the skin.

Polysaccharides are naturally found in our skin. They play a role in hydrating and repairing the top layer of skin. The polysaccharides in Heart Leaf help moisturize our skin.

Studies show decanoyl acetaldehyde, a component of Heart Leaf oil, is effective at killing bacteria.

The name 'Fish Mint' comes from the herb's natural fishy smell. Is is native to southeast Asia and used throughout the continent for traditional cooking and medicine.

Learn more about Houttuynia Cordata Extract
Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Ipomoea Batatas Root Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Lentinus Edodes Extract yet.

Astringent, Perfuming

Lippia Citriodora Leaf Extract is a fragrance. It can cause irritation.

Lonicera Japonica Flower Extract comes from the honeysuckle flower.

Honeysuckles have skin protecting, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory properties. It contains many antioxidants, such as luteolin, caffeic acid, loniflavone, and chlorogenic acids.

This honeysuckle is native to East Asia and used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat fever and inflammation.

Learn more about Lonicera Japonica Flower Extract

Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract comes from a type of goji berry plant.

Goji berries contain polysaccharides, carotenoids and flavonoids. These give it antioxidant properties that protect your skin from free-radical molecules.

Polysaccharides help hydrate the top layer of skin due to its ability to mimic natural carbohydrates.

Learn more about Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract
Astringent, Masking, Soothing

We don't have a description for Melilotus Officinalis Extract yet.

Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning

Mentha Piperita Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract is a fragrance.

We don't have a description for Morus Bombycis Leaf Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Musa Sapientum Fruit Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Nelumbo Nucifera Root Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Basil leaf is rich in vitamin C.

Skin Conditioning, Smoothing

We don't have a description for Panicum Miliaceum Seed Extract yet.

Masking, Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Perilla Frutescens Leaf Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Vigna Angularis Seed Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Plantago Major Seed Extract yet.

Platycodon Grandiflorus Root Extract is an antioxidant.

Skin Conditioning

This extract comes from Purslane, a succulent. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hydrating properties.

Purslane is very nutritious. It contains omega-3 fatty acids, NMFs, many vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. The vitamins found in purslane include: Vitamin C, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E.

Fun fact: Purslane is a succulent with an extensive habitat. It is used in traditional Korean medicine to treat irritated skin.

Nowadays, purslane is becoming a superfood due to its highly nutritious content.

Learn more about Portulaca Oleracea Extract

We don't have a description for Prunus Armeniaca Fruit yet.

Abrasive, Moisturising, Skin Conditioning

Prunus Persica Fruit Extract comes from peaches.

Peaches are rich in antioxidants, such as Vitamins C, E and A. Antioxidants help reduce the signs of aging. These vitamins also have plenty of skin benefits on their own (for instance, Vitamin C, E helps with skin brightening).

Peach extract is also an abrasive. Abrasives are an agent used to wear away the surface of skin. They are used to help polish or exfoliate skin.

Emerging research shows Peach extract may help protect UV-B induced skin damage. However, further research is needed.

Learn more about Prunus Persica Fruit Extract

Prunus Salicina Fruit Extract is an antioxidant.

Malus Domestica Fruit Extract is an antioxidant.

Astringent, Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Raphanus Sativus Root Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning, Tonic

We don't have a description for Rehmannia Chinensis Root Extract yet.

Antimicrobial, Masking, Skin Conditioning

Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract comes from rosemary. Rosemary is native to the Mediterranean.

While Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Oil can be volatile due to its fragrant properties, the fragrance components are usually removed in the leaf extract.

Rosemary Leaf Extract can help protect your skin against damage from free-radical molecules. It contains many antioxidants such as rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid.

Rosemarinic acid has been found to help soothe skin conditions such as eczema and acne.

Learn more about Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract
Astringent, Skin Conditioning, Smoothing

We don't have a description for Rubus Idaeus Fruit Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Sasa Veitchii Leaf Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Schizonepeta Tenuifolia Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning, Smoothing, Soothing

We don't have a description for Sesamum Indicum Seed Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

Spinacia Oleracea Leaf Extract is extract from the spinach leaf, Spinacia oleracea.

Spinach is rich in antioxidants such as Vitamin A, and Vitamin C.

We don't have a description for Taraxacum Officinale Leaf Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Thymus Vulgaris Leaf Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning

We don't have a description for Tuber Magnatum Extract yet.

Skin Conditioning, Skin Protecting

Undaria Pinnatifida Extract comes from a kelp native to the northern Pacific Ocean. It is more commonly known as "wakame".

This kelp contains fatty acids, sodium, calcium, iodine, thiamine, and niacin. Studies show a polysaccharide known as fucoidan exhibits strong antioxidant activities. Fucoidan can be found in the cell walls of many species of brown seaweed.

Wakame prefers cold and temperate oceans. It is used in Japanese and Korean cuisine (yummy!).

Learn more about Undaria Pinnatifida Extract

In cosmetics, vinegar is often used to help adjust the pH of a product. It is also a light exfoliant. The pH of your skin is important to maintain a healthy skin barrier.

Vinegar is created by the process of double-fermentation. It is an aqueous solution consisting mostly of water and acetic acid. Typically, vinegar contains anywhere from 5-8% acetic acid.

Other components include small amounts of contains small amounts of tartaric acid and citric acid. Depending on what is used to ferment the vinegar, it can have traces of flavoring as well.

Types of vinegar include sugar and fruit vinegars. Some types of vinegar include apple cider, raisin, brown rice,

Learn more about Vinegar

Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil is the oil from the bergamot orange. It is native to Italy.

This ingredient is used to add fragrance to products. It contains limonene, linalool, and linalyl acetate.

The term 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term. For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance.

When used topically, Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil is a photosensitizer due to its furanocoumarins. Photosensitizers make the skin and eyes much more sensitive to sunlight. Photosensitizers are linked to skin cancer.

However, more cosmetics using Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil are removing the furanocoumarins.

Bergamot oil was also found to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Learn more about Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil

Santalum Album Oil is created from the Santalum album, or the East Indian sandalwood tree. This oil has fragrance and masking properties due to its unique scent.

Sandalwood may sensitize the skin for those sensitive to fragrances.

It has been used in traditional Indian Ayurvedic medicine for centuries.

Learn more about Santalum Album Oil
Cleansing, Masking, Perfuming

Citrus Aurantifolia Oil is a fragrance and is an oil.

Juniperus Mexicana Oil is an oil.

Masking, Perfuming, Skin Conditioning

Citrus Limon Peel Oil is created from the peels of the lemon. It is used to add a lemon-scent to products. Lemon peel oil also has antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. However, it may also cause phototoxicity and sensitize skin.

Lemon peel oil contains limonene, a skin sensitizing ingredient. Another component is furanocoumarin, which induces phototoxicity in skin.

Furanocoumarins bind and destabilize your DNA to increase the rate of sunburn.

Most reputable companies will remove furanocoumarins from their formulations.

Learn more about Citrus Limon Peel Oil
Masking, Skin Conditioning

Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil is oil from the peel of an orange fruit.

Limonene and linalool make up the majority of oils from citrus peels. Limonene has a "citrus" fragrance. Citrus peels also contain flavonoids, which have anti-inflammatory properties.

Citrus peel is also a rich source of flavonoids. Flavonoids are natural antioxidants and help protect your skin against damage. Flavonoids are a group of compounds naturally found in vegetables and fruits.

The term 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term. For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance.

Learn more about Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil
Masking, Skin Conditioning

Rosa Damascena Flower Oil is an essential oil made from the Damask Rose. It is often used as a fragrance in cosmetics.

Rose Oil has antibacterial and antioxidant properties due to its terpene, glycoside, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and Vitamin C content.

Other major parts of Rose Oil include citronellol and geraniol. Both of these are known EU allergens and cause contact-allergies.

The downsides of this ingredient outweight the positives.

Learn more about Rosa Damascena Flower Oil
Perfuming, Solvent

Limonene is a fragrance that adds scent and taste to a formulation.

It's found in the peel oil of citrus fruits and other plants such as lavender and eucalyptus. The scent of limonene is generally described as "sweet citrus".

Limonene acts as an antioxidant, meaning it helps neutralize free radicals.

When exposed to air, oxidized limonene may sensitize the skin. Because of this, limonene is often avoided by people with sensitive skin.

The term 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term. For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance.

Learn more about Limonene
Perfuming

Linalool is a fragrance and helps add scent to products. It's derived from common plants such as cinnamon, mint, citrus, and lavender.

Like Limonene, this ingredient oxidizes when exposed to air. Oxidized linalool can cause allergies and skin sensitivity.

This ingredient has a scent that is floral, spicy tropical, and citrus-like.

Learn more about Linalool
Perfuming

Citral is a fragrance and used to add a lemon-like scent to products. It is both naturally found in plants and created synthetically. In plants, it is commonly occurring in lemon myrtle, lemongrass, lemon tea-tree, lemon verbena, and other citruses.

The EU mandates Citral be listed separately as a fragrance. It is a known allergen and may cause contact dermatitis. Citral can also used as a masking ingredient.

The term 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term. For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance.

The term 'citral' is a collective term for two geometric isomers: geranial/Citral A and neral/Citral B.

Learn more about Citral
Perfuming

Citronellol is used to add fragrance/parfum to a product. It is often derived from plants such as roses. In fact, it can be found in many essential oils including geranium, lavender, neroli, and more. The scent of Citronellol is often described as "fresh, grassy, and citrus-like".

Since the Citronellol molecule is already unstable, Citronellol becomes irritating on the skin when exposed to air.

Citronellol is a modified terpene. Terpenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons found in plants. They make up the primary part of essential oils.

Citronellol is not able to be absorbed into deeper layers of the skin. It has low permeability,

Citronellol is also a natural insect repellent.

Learn more about Citronellol
Perfuming, Tonic

Geraniol is used to add fragrance/parfum to a product. It is the main component of citronellol. It is a monoterpenoid and an alcohol.

Monoterpenes are naturally found in many parts of different plants.

Geraniol can be found in many essential oils including Rose Oil and Citronella Oil. The scent of Geraniol is often described as "rose-like". Many foods also contain Geraniol for fruit flavoring.

Geraniol can irritate the skin when exposed to air. However, irritation depends on the ability of geraniol to penetrate into the skin. In general, geraniol is not able to penetrate skin easily.

Geraniol is colorless and has low water-solubility. However, it is soluble in common organic solvents.

Like citronellol, it is a natural insect repellent.

2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, (2E)-

Learn more about Geraniol

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Su:m37 is a Korean brand

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· Updated April 18, 2025 Added by badDonkey_757