What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride
MaskingNiacinamide
SmoothingButylene Glycol
HumectantSorbitol
HumectantBakuchiol
AntimicrobialHexylresorcinol
AntimicrobialRetinol
Skin ConditioningCeramide AP
Skin ConditioningCholesterol
EmollientPhytosphingosine
Skin ConditioningSodium Lauroyl Lactylate
EmulsifyingCarbomer
Emulsion StabilisingXanthan Gum
EmulsifyingCentella Asiatica Leaf Extract
Skin Conditioning1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningPentylene Glycol
Skin ConditioningFructose
HumectantUrea
BufferingCitric Acid
BufferingSodium Hydroxide
BufferingMaltose
MaskingSodium PCA
HumectantSodium Chloride
MaskingSodium Lactate
BufferingTrehalose
HumectantAllantoin
Skin ConditioningSodium Hyaluronate
HumectantGlucose
HumectantCopernicia Cerifera Cera
EmollientGlycerin
HumectantPropanediol
SolventSodium Cocoamphoacetate
CleansingTocopheryl Acetate
AntioxidantBHA
AntioxidantBHT
AntioxidantSodium Acrylates Copolymer
Lecithin
EmollientPolyacrylamide
C13-14 Isoparaffin
EmollientLaureth-7
EmulsifyingDisodium EDTA
Ethylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeWater, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Niacinamide, Butylene Glycol, Sorbitol, Bakuchiol, Hexylresorcinol, Retinol, Ceramide AP, Cholesterol, Phytosphingosine, Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate, Carbomer, Xanthan Gum, Centella Asiatica Leaf Extract, 1,2-Hexanediol, Pentylene Glycol, Fructose, Urea, Citric Acid, Sodium Hydroxide, Maltose, Sodium PCA, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Lactate, Trehalose, Allantoin, Sodium Hyaluronate, Glucose, Copernicia Cerifera Cera, Glycerin, Propanediol, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Tocopheryl Acetate, BHA, BHT, Sodium Acrylates Copolymer, Lecithin, Polyacrylamide, C13-14 Isoparaffin, Laureth-7, Disodium EDTA, Ethylhexylglycerin, Phenoxyethanol
Water
Skin ConditioningButylene Glycol
HumectantSqualane
EmollientNiacinamide
SmoothingGlycereth-7 Triacetate
EmollientCoco-Caprylate/Caprate
EmollientSaccharomyces Ferment
Skin ConditioningCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride
MaskingTriheptanoin
Skin ConditioningTocopheryl Acetate
AntioxidantGlyceryl Caprylate
EmollientLecithin
EmollientTromethamine
BufferingAmmonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vp Copolymer
Caffeine
Skin ConditioningAcrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate Copolymer
Emulsion StabilisingC9-12 Alkane
SolventPolyurethane-10
Citric Acid
BufferingIsohexadecane
EmollientPanthenol
Skin ConditioningSucrose
HumectantHydroxyethylcellulose
Emulsion StabilisingRetinol
Skin ConditioningLauroyl Lysine
Skin ConditioningCarbomer
Emulsion StabilisingGlyceryl Undecylenate
EmollientSodium Hyaluronate
HumectantPolysorbate 80
EmulsifyingOryza Sativa Bran Extract
Skin ConditioningSorbitan Oleate
Emulsifying1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningDecyl Glucoside
CleansingBHT
AntioxidantHydroxyacetophenone
AntioxidantSodium Benzoate
MaskingCaprylyl Glycol
EmollientPolygonum Cuspidatum Root Extract
AntioxidantGlycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract
BleachingEthoxydiglycol
HumectantBetula Alba Bark Extract
MaskingBoswellia Serrata Extract
Skin ConditioningLycium Barbarum Fruit Extract
AstringentPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeFerulic Acid
AntimicrobialDisodium Phosphate
BufferingPolysorbate 60
EmulsifyingCentella Asiatica Extract
CleansingPalmitoyl Hexapeptide-14
Skin ConditioningSodium Phosphate
BufferingWater, Butylene Glycol, Squalane, Niacinamide, Glycereth-7 Triacetate, Coco-Caprylate/Caprate, Saccharomyces Ferment, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Triheptanoin, Tocopheryl Acetate, Glyceryl Caprylate, Lecithin, Tromethamine, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vp Copolymer, Caffeine, Acrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate Copolymer, C9-12 Alkane, Polyurethane-10, Citric Acid, Isohexadecane, Panthenol, Sucrose, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Retinol, Lauroyl Lysine, Carbomer, Glyceryl Undecylenate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Polysorbate 80, Oryza Sativa Bran Extract, Sorbitan Oleate, 1,2-Hexanediol, Decyl Glucoside, BHT, Hydroxyacetophenone, Sodium Benzoate, Caprylyl Glycol, Polygonum Cuspidatum Root Extract, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Ethoxydiglycol, Betula Alba Bark Extract, Boswellia Serrata Extract, Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract, Phenoxyethanol, Ferulic Acid, Disodium Phosphate, Polysorbate 60, Centella Asiatica Extract, Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-14, Sodium Phosphate
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
1,2-Hexanediol is a synthetic liquid and another multi-functional powerhouse.
It is a:
- Humectant, drawing moisture into the skin
- Emollient, helping to soften skin
- Solvent, dispersing and stabilizing formulas
- Preservative booster, enhancing the antimicrobial activity of other preservatives
BHT is a synthetic antioxidant and preservative.
As an antioxidant, it helps your body fight off free-radicals. Free-radicals are molecules that may damage your skin cells.
As a preservative, it is used to stabilize products and prevent them from degrading. Specifically, BHT prevents degradation from oxidation.
The concerns related to BHT come from oral studies; this ingredient is currently allowed for use by both the FDA and EU.
However, it was recently restricted for use in the UK as of April 2024.
Learn more about BHTButylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons:
Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients.
Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness.
Learn more about Butylene GlycolThis ingredient is an emollient, solvent, and texture enhancer. It is considered a skin-softener by helping the skin prevent moisture loss.
It helps thicken a product's formula and makes it easier to spread by dissolving clumping compounds.
Caprylic Triglyceride is made by combining glycerin with coconut oil, forming a clear liquid.
While there is an assumption Caprylic Triglyceride can clog pores due to it being derived from coconut oil, there is no research supporting this.
Learn more about Caprylic/Capric TriglycerideCarbomer is a polymer of acrylic acid. Its main role is to create a gel consistency.
A high amount of carbomer can cause pilling or balling up of products. Don't worry, most products contain 1% or less of carbomer.
Citric Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) naturally found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and limes.
Like other AHAs, citric acid can exfoliate skin by breaking down the bonds that hold dead skin cells together. This helps reveal smoother and brighter skin underneath.
However, this exfoliating effect only happens at high concentrations (20%) which can be hard to find in cosmetic products.
Due to this, citric acid is usually included in small amounts as a pH adjuster. This helps keep products slightly more acidic and compatible with skin's natural pH.
In skincare formulas, citric acid can:
While it can provide some skin benefits, research shows lactic acid and glycolic acid are generally more effective and less irritating exfoliants.
Most citric acid used in skincare today is made by fermenting sugars (usually from molasses). This synthetic version is identical to the natural citrus form but easier to stabilize and use in formulations.
Read more about some other popular AHA's here:
Learn more about Citric AcidLecithin is a term for a group of substances found in the cell membranes of plants, animals, and humans. They are made up of mixture of phospholipids.
This ingredient has emollient and emulsifying properties.
As an emollient, lecithen helps soften the skin and creates a barrier to keep moisture in.
As an emulsifier, it also helps prevent water and oil ingredients from separating. Lecithin can also help ingredients be better absorbed by the skin.
This is because the phospholipids in lecithin produce liposomes. Liposomes help other ingredients get through the skin barrier.
Depending on the source of this ingredient, lecithin may not be fungal acne safe. This is because some sources of lecithin come from soybean oil, which may feed the malassezia yeast that feeds fungal acne.
We recommend reaching out to the brand you are purchasing from to inquire about the source of their lecithin.
Some other names for this ingredient include soy lecithin and deoiled soy lecithin.
Learn more about LecithinNiacinamide is a multitasking form of vitamin B3 that strengthens the skin barrier, reduces pores and dark spots, regulates oil, and improves signs of aging.
And the best part? It's gentle and well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive and reactive skin.
You might have heard of "niacin flush", or the reddening of skin that causes itchiness. Niacinamide has not been found to cause this.
In very rare cases, some individuals may not be able to tolerate niacinamide at all or experience an allergic reaction to it.
If you are experiencing flaking, irritation, and dryness with this ingredient, be sure to double check all your products as this ingredient can be found in all categories of skincare.
When incorporating niacinamide into your routine, look out for concentration amounts. Typically, 5% niacinamide provides benefits such as fading dark spots. However, if you have sensitive skin, it is better to begin with a smaller concentration.
When you apply niacinamide to your skin, your body converts it into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). NAD is an essential coenzyme that is already found in your cells as "fuel" and powers countless biological processes.
In your skin, NAD helps repair cell damage, produce new healthy cells, support collagen production, strengthen the skin barrier, and fight environmental stressors (like UV and pollution).
Our natural NAD levels start to decline with age, leading to slower skin repair, visible aging, and a weaker skin barrier. By providing your skin niacinamide, you're recharging your skin's NAD levels. This leads to stronger, healthier, and younger looking skin.
Another name for vitamin B3 is nicotinamide. This vitamin is water-soluble and our bodies don't store it. We obtain Vitamin B3 from either food or skincare. Meat, fish, wheat, yeast, and leafy greens contain vitamin B3.
The type of niacinamide used in skincare is synthetically created.
Learn more about NiacinamidePhenoxyethanol is a preservative that has germicide, antimicrobial, and aromatic properties. Studies show that phenoxyethanol can prevent microbial growth. By itself, it has a scent that is similar to that of a rose.
It's often used in formulations along with Caprylyl Glycol to preserve the shelf life of products.
Retinol is a gold-standard ingredient for anti-aging. It is a form of Vitamin A and belongs to the class of retinoids that also includes tretinoin.
Why is retinol famous?
It has the most scientific studies backing up its skin benefits out of all the non-prescription ingredients.
Retinol is proven to:
This is why retinol is effective at removing wrinkles, fading dark spots, treating acne, and reducing the appearance of pores.
Studies show retinol is less effective when exposed to UV. Be sure to look for appropriate packaging to keep your retinol potent (similar to Vitamin C).
Using retinol or any retinoids will increase sun-sensitivity in the first few months. Though studies show retinoids increase your skin's natural SPF with continuous use, it is best to always wear sunscreen and sun-protection.
We recommend speaking with a medical professional about using this ingredient during pregnancy.
Retinol may cause irritation in some people, so be sure to patch test. Experts recommend 'ramping up' retinol use: start using this ingredient once a week and work up to using it daily.
Read about Tretinoin
Learn more about RetinolSodium Hyaluronate is hyaluronic acid's salt form. It is commonly derived from the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid.
Like hyaluronic acid, it is great at holding water and acts as a humectant. This makes it a great skin hydrating ingredient.
Sodium Hyaluronate is naturally occurring in our bodies and is mostly found in eye fluid and joints.
These are some other common types of Hyaluronic Acid:
Learn more about Sodium HyaluronateTocopheryl Acetate is AKA Vitamin E. It is an antioxidant and protects your skin from free radicals. Free radicals damage the skin by breaking down collagen.
One study found using Tocopheryl Acetate with Vitamin C decreased the number of sunburned cells.
Tocopheryl Acetate is commonly found in both skincare and dietary supplements.
Learn more about Tocopheryl AcetateWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water