Serum
Serum
Korean South Korea
American United States

What's inside

What's inside

Key Ingredients

Benefits

Concerns

Ingredients Side-by-side

Show highlights for:

Water

Skin Conditioning

Panthenol

Skin Conditioning
0 / 0 Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce irritation IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Scar Healing IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Dimethicone

Emollient
1 / 0 Silicon IconGood for Scar Healing Icon

Cyclopentasiloxane

Emollient
Silicon Icon

Niacinamide

Smoothing
Niacinamide IconHelps fight Acne IconHelps with Anti-Aging IconHelps brighten skin IconHelps reduce irritation IconGood for Oily Skin IconGood for Minimizing Pores IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Scar Healing IconGood for Dark Spots IconGood for Skin Texture IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Glycerin

Humectant
0 / 0 Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconGood for Scar Healing IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Butylene Glycol

Humectant
1 / 0 Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Cyclomethicone

Emollient
0 / 0 Silicon Icon

Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin)

Emollient

C13-15 Alkane

Solvent

Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer

Skin Conditioning
Silicon Icon

Sodium Polyacrylate

Absorbent
Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

Cetyl Alcohol

Emollient
2 / 2 Fatty Alcohol IconCoconut Derived IconNot safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Glyceryl Stearate

Emollient
1 / 0 Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Hydroxyacetophenone

Antioxidant
Antioxidant IconHelps reduce irritation IconHelps reduce Skin Redness Icon

Polysorbate 60

Emulsifying
Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Dimethiconol

Emollient
Silicon Icon

Betaine

Humectant
Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce irritation IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Centella Asiatica Extract

Cleansing
Helps with Anti-Aging IconHelps reduce irritation IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Scar Healing IconGood for Skin Texture IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

PEG-75 Stearate

Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer

Emulsion Stabilising

Citrus Limon Fruit Oil

Astringent
Oil Icon

Ethylhexylglycerin

Skin Conditioning

Squalane

Emollient
1 / 0 Helps with Anti-Aging IconHelps hydrate Dry Skin IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Portulaca Oleracea Extract

Skin Conditioning
Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce irritation IconHelps reduce Skin Redness Icon

1,2-Hexanediol

Skin Conditioning
Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

Adenosine

Skin Conditioning
Helps with Anti-Aging IconHelps reduce irritation IconGood for Scar Healing Icon

Ceteth-20

Cleansing

PEG/PPG-18/18 Dimethicone

Emulsifying
Silicon Icon

Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Steareth-20

Cleansing
2 / 1

Trideceth-6

Emulsifying

Xanthan Gum

Emulsifying

Melia Azadirachta Flower Extract

Skin Conditioning

PEG-20 Glyceryl Isostearate

Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Pentylene Glycol

Skin Conditioning
Good for Barrier Repair Icon

Curcuma Longa Root Extract

Masking
Fragrance Icon

Disodium EDTA

Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract

Masking
Helps reduce irritation IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Vitex Agnus Castus Extract

Astringent

Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil

Masking
Oil IconEssential Oil IconFragrance Icon

Sodium Hyaluronate

Humectant
0 / 0 Hyaluronic Acid IconHelps with Anti-Aging IconHelps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Cananga Odorata Flower Extract

Perfuming
Fragrance IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Arctium Lappa Root Extract

Skin Conditioning
Helps reduce irritation Icon

Cymbopogon Schoenanthus Extract

Skin Conditioning

Phellinus Linteus Extract

Skin Conditioning

Hamamelis Virginiana Extract

Antiseborrhoeic
Can worsen Dry Skin IconMay worsen Eczema IconMay worsen Rosacea Icon

Tocopheryl Acetate

Antioxidant
0 / 0 Vitamin E IconAntioxidant IconHelps brighten skin Icon

Octyldodecanol

Emollient
Fatty Alcohol Icon

Olea Europaea Fruit Oil

Masking
0-2 / 0 Oil IconFragrance IconHelps hydrate Dry Skin IconNot safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Isopentyldiol

Humectant
Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil

Masking
Oil IconEssential Oil IconEU Allergen Icon

Diglycerin

Humectant
Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

Propanediol

Solvent
Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

PEG-35 Castor Oil

Emulsifying
Oil IconNot safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract

Skin Conditioning

Sorbitan Isostearate

Emulsifying
1-2 / 0 Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Sodium Starch Octenylsuccinate

Absorbent

Alcohol

Antimicrobial
Alcohol IconCan worsen Dry Skin IconMay worsen Eczema IconMay cause irritation IconMay worsen Rosacea Icon

Calcium Pantothenate

Aesculus Hippocastanum Seed Extract

Skin Conditioning

Maltodextrin

Absorbent
Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

Corallina Officinalis Extract

Skin Conditioning
Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce Skin Redness Icon

Polyglyceryl-4 Oleate

Emulsifying
Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate

Antioxidant
Vitamin C IconAntioxidant IconHelps brighten skin IconGood for Minimizing Pores IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Scar Healing IconGood for Skin Texture Icon

Lecithin

Emollient
Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Ceramide NP

Skin Conditioning
Ceramide IconHelps with Anti-Aging IconHelps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce irritation IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Copaifera Officinalis Resin

Masking

Cymbopogon Martini Oil

Masking
Oil Icon

Pyridoxine Hcl

Skin Conditioning

Sucrose Palmitate

Emollient

Polysorbate 20

Emulsifying
0 / 0 Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil

Masking
Oil IconEssential Oil IconFragrance IconMay cause irritation IconEU Allergen Icon

Tocopherol

Antioxidant
0-3 / 0-3 Vitamin E IconAntioxidant IconHelps with Anti-Aging IconHelps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps brighten skin IconHelps reduce Skin Redness IconGood for Dark Spots IconGood for Barrier Repair Icon

Salvia Sclarea Oil

Masking
Oil IconEssential Oil Icon

Citrus Nobilis Peel Oil

Masking
Oil Icon

Silica

Abrasive
Exfoliant IconGood for Oily Skin IconGood for Minimizing Pores Icon

Retinyl Palmitate

Skin Conditioning
1-3 / 1-3 Retinoid IconHelps brighten skin IconGood for Scar Healing IconGood for Dark Spots IconNot safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Linoleic Acid

Cleansing
Helps hydrate Dry Skin IconHelps reduce irritation IconGood for Scar Healing IconGood for Dark Spots IconGood for Barrier Repair IconNot safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Inositol

Humectant
Helps hydrate Dry Skin Icon

Biotin

Antiseborrhoeic

Glyceryl Arachidonate

Emollient
Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Glyceryl Linolenate

Emollient
Not safe for Fungal Acne Icon

Pyridoxine

Skin Conditioning

Folic Acid

Skin Conditioning

Thiamine Hcl

Masking

Cyanocobalamin

Skin Conditioning

Water, Panthenol, Dimethicone, Cyclopentasiloxane, Niacinamide, Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, Cyclomethicone, Hydrogenated Poly(C6-14 Olefin), C13-15 Alkane, Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Sodium Polyacrylate, Cetyl Alcohol, Glyceryl Stearate, Hydroxyacetophenone, Polysorbate 60, Dimethiconol, Betaine, Centella Asiatica Extract, PEG-75 Stearate, Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Citrus Limon Fruit Oil, Ethylhexylglycerin, Squalane, Portulaca Oleracea Extract, 1,2-Hexanediol, Adenosine, Ceteth-20, PEG/PPG-18/18 Dimethicone, Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract, Steareth-20, Trideceth-6, Xanthan Gum, Melia Azadirachta Flower Extract, PEG-20 Glyceryl Isostearate, Pentylene Glycol, Curcuma Longa Root Extract, Disodium EDTA, Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract, Vitex Agnus Castus Extract, Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil, Sodium Hyaluronate, Cananga Odorata Flower Extract, Arctium Lappa Root Extract, Cymbopogon Schoenanthus Extract, Phellinus Linteus Extract, Hamamelis Virginiana Extract, Tocopheryl Acetate, Octyldodecanol, Olea Europaea Fruit Oil, Isopentyldiol, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil, Diglycerin, Propanediol, PEG-35 Castor Oil, Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract, Sorbitan Isostearate, Sodium Starch Octenylsuccinate, Alcohol, Calcium Pantothenate, Aesculus Hippocastanum Seed Extract, Maltodextrin, Corallina Officinalis Extract, Polyglyceryl-4 Oleate, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Lecithin, Ceramide NP, Copaifera Officinalis Resin, Cymbopogon Martini Oil, Pyridoxine Hcl, Sucrose Palmitate, Polysorbate 20, Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, Tocopherol, Salvia Sclarea Oil, Citrus Nobilis Peel Oil, Silica, Retinyl Palmitate, Linoleic Acid, Inositol, Biotin, Glyceryl Arachidonate, Glyceryl Linolenate, Pyridoxine, Folic Acid, Thiamine Hcl, Cyanocobalamin

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Ingredients Explained

These ingredients are found in both products.

Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.

Humectant, Skin Conditioning, Skin Protecting

Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.

Topically, glycerin does several things at once:

Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.

Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.

This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.

Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.

Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.

Learn more about Glycerin
Skin Conditioning

Panthenol is a common ingredient that helps hydrate and soothe the skin. It is found naturally in our skin and hair.

There are two forms of panthenol: D and L.

D-panthenol is also known as dexpanthenol. Most cosmetics use dexpanthenol or a mixture of D and L-panthenol.

Panthenol is famous due to its ability to go deeper into the skin's layers. Using this ingredient has numerous pros (and no cons):

Like hyaluronic acid, panthenol is a humectant. Humectants are able to bind and hold large amounts of water to keep skin hydrated.

This ingredient works well for wound healing. It works by increasing tissue in the wound and helps close open wounds.

Once oxidized, panthenol converts to pantothenic acid. Panthothenic acid is found in all living cells.

This ingredient is also referred to as pro-vitamin B5.

Learn more about Panthenol
Humectant, Skin Conditioning

Sodium Hyaluronate is the salt form of hyaluronic acid. It is a long sugar chain that is naturally found in your skin, joints, and connective tissue that maintains hydration and elasticity.

In skincare, it works as a humectant. It pulls water from the environment and deeper layers of skin and binds it to the surface.

Interestingly, the size of the molecule affects its behavior:

Some clinical evidence links low molecular weight versions to improved wrinkle depth, elasticity, anti-inflammatory effects, and barrier repair.

Many serums use a blend of both weights so you can get surface hydration plus longer-lasting and deeper effects.

You'll typically see concentrations between 0.1-2% for this ingredient.

Learn more about Sodium Hyaluronate
Antioxidant, Masking, Skin Conditioning

Tocopherol is a fat-soluble antioxidant known as Vitamin E.

You'll find this ingredient in the vast majority of skincare (for good reason). It works to neutralize free radicals, or unstable molecules generated by UV exposure, pollution, and other environmental stressors, before they can cause oxidative damage to your skin cells.

Topically applied tocopherol has been shown to protect against UV damage by ramping up the skin's own natural defense enzymes.

It also acts as a skin conditioning agent; some studies show that regular topical use can improve the skin's water-binding capacity over 2-4 weeks.

This ingredient is especially loved for being a team player. When combined with Vitamin C, the photoprotective effect of both ingredients roughly doubles and the combo also helps reduce UV-induced DNA damage.

This ingredient has some brightening potential but it's more of a prevention ingredient than spot-fader. Cell studies show it can slow down melanin production but it's worth noting that it's not the most powerful brightener out there.

In formulations, it also serves as a stabilizer that helps protect other oxidation-prone ingredients from degrading.

Concentrations usually range from 0.1-1% in most leave-on products.

Learn more about Tocopherol
Skin Conditioning, Solvent

Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.

So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.

You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!

Learn more about Water

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