What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningHelianthus Annuus Seed Oil
EmollientSimmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil
EmollientPrunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil
MaskingSqualane
EmollientAlcohol Denat.
AntimicrobialCetearyl Alcohol
EmollientGlyceryl Stearate
EmollientStearyl Alcohol
EmollientCetearyl Glucoside
EmulsifyingOenothera Biennis Oil
EmollientButyrospermum Parkii Butter
Skin ConditioningPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeLithium Magnesium Sodium Silicate
AbsorbentChlorphenesin
AntimicrobialXanthan Gum
EmulsifyingRuscus Aculeatus Root Extract
AstringentAloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder
Skin ConditioningTocopherol
AntioxidantLavandula Angustifolia Oil
MaskingAdenosine
Skin ConditioningLinalool
PerfumingRosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Oil
MaskingPelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil
MaskingGlycine Soja Oil
EmollientCitronellol
PerfumingGeraniol
PerfumingLavandula Hybrida Oil
EmollientCucumis Sativus Fruit Extract
EmollientLimonene
PerfumingCitral
PerfumingCurcuma Longa Root Extract
MaskingSclareolide
MaskingRose Flower Oil
MaskingJasminum Officinale Extract
MaskingCitric Acid
BufferingWater, Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil, Simmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil, Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil, Squalane, Alcohol Denat., Cetearyl Alcohol, Glyceryl Stearate, Stearyl Alcohol, Cetearyl Glucoside, Oenothera Biennis Oil, Butyrospermum Parkii Butter, Phenoxyethanol, Lithium Magnesium Sodium Silicate, Chlorphenesin, Xanthan Gum, Ruscus Aculeatus Root Extract, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder, Tocopherol, Lavandula Angustifolia Oil, Adenosine, Linalool, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Oil, Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, Glycine Soja Oil, Citronellol, Geraniol, Lavandula Hybrida Oil, Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract, Limonene, Citral, Curcuma Longa Root Extract, Sclareolide, Rose Flower Oil, Jasminum Officinale Extract, Citric Acid
Water
Skin ConditioningCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride
MaskingDimethicone
EmollientStearic Acid
CleansingGlycerin
HumectantCetearyl Alcohol
EmollientNylon-12
Cetearyl Olivate
Propylene Glycol
HumectantC12-16 Alcohols
EmollientSorbitan Olivate
EmulsifyingSodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer
Emulsion StabilisingPalmitic Acid
EmollientCaffeine
Skin ConditioningCandelilla/Jojoba/Rice Bran Polyglyceryl-3 Esters
EmulsifyingCera Microcristallina
Emulsion StabilisingGlyceryl Stearate
EmollientPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeHydrogenated Lecithin
EmulsifyingNiacinamide
SmoothingSqualane
EmollientSodium Stearoyl Lactylate
EmulsifyingBenzyl Alcohol
PerfumingAmelanchier Alnifolia Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningSodium Hyaluronate
HumectantArginine
MaskingButylene Glycol
HumectantEthylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningTocopherol
AntioxidantGlucosyl Hesperidin
HumectantSorbitol
HumectantHylocereus Undatus Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningFerric Hexapeptide-35
Skin ConditioningPalmitoyl Tripeptide-1
Skin ConditioningPalmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7
Skin ConditioningDehydroacetic Acid
PreservativeTremella Fuciformis Extract
HumectantCarbomer
Emulsion StabilisingPogostemon Cablin Leaf Oil
MaskingAscorbic Acid
AntioxidantPolysorbate 20
EmulsifyingWater, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Dimethicone, Stearic Acid, Glycerin, Cetearyl Alcohol, Nylon-12, Cetearyl Olivate, Propylene Glycol, C12-16 Alcohols, Sorbitan Olivate, Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Palmitic Acid, Caffeine, Candelilla/Jojoba/Rice Bran Polyglyceryl-3 Esters, Cera Microcristallina, Glyceryl Stearate, Phenoxyethanol, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Niacinamide, Squalane, Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate, Benzyl Alcohol, Amelanchier Alnifolia Fruit Extract, Sodium Hyaluronate, Arginine, Butylene Glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Tocopherol, Glucosyl Hesperidin, Sorbitol, Hylocereus Undatus Fruit Extract, Ferric Hexapeptide-35, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Dehydroacetic Acid, Tremella Fuciformis Extract, Carbomer, Pogostemon Cablin Leaf Oil, Ascorbic Acid, Polysorbate 20
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
Cetearyl alcohol is a waxy mixture of two fatty alcohols: cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol. It is an emollient and emulsifier.
Despite having "alcohol" in its name, it has nothing to do with drying solvent alcohols; the FDA also allows "alcohol-free" products to contain fatty alcohols like this ingredient.
It plays several roles in a formula:
Typical use levels for this ingredient sit around 1-10% and the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has affirmed safety at concentrations up to 25% in leave-on products.
Multiple assessments have found it to be non-irritating and non-sensitizing to most people.
However, there have been some cases of allergic contact dermatitis in patients with chronically compromised skin barriers.
Cetearyl alcohol has a comedogenic rating of 2 and irritancy rating of 1. Both of these numbers come from the 1989 study that used rabbit ears; a "2" means mildly comedogenic and a "1" means low irritancy.
Here's the catch: rabbit skin is more sensitive than human skin and throws a lot of false positives. A 1996 reappraisal found that ingredients rated 1-2 in the rabbit ear tests are generally safe for humans.
Remember comedogenic ratings are unable to assess the entire formula of a product or how it will react on your skin. Just be sure to patch test if you are unsure about certain ingredients.
This ingredient is not fungal acne safe. Cetearyl alcohol is a fatty alcohol with chain lengths that fall within the range that Malassezia can metabolize.
Learn more about Cetearyl AlcoholGlyceryl Stearate is made by reacting glycerin with stearic acid (typically sourced from plant oils like palm or coconut). It's an emulsifier, emollient, and mild occlusive.
Emulsifiers help ingredients like oil and water stay mixed so your formula stays nicely blended and uniform in texture.
This ingredient is typically used in concentrations between 1-10%. Studies have found it to be non-sensitizing, non-phototoxic, and non-photoallergenic.
A close cousin of this ingredient is Glyceryl Stearate SE ("self-emulsifying"). This just has a small amount of sodium or potassium stearate added so it can emulsify without a co-emulsifier.
Since this ingredient is an ester of a C18 fatty acid, it may not be fungal acne safe. The Malassezia yeast can potentially metabolize within the C11-C24 range.
Fun fact: The human body also creates Glyceryl Stearate naturally.
Learn more about Glyceryl StearatePhenoxyethanol is a preservative that has germicide, antimicrobial, and aromatic properties. Studies show that phenoxyethanol can prevent microbial growth. By itself, it has a scent that is similar to that of a rose.
It's often used in formulations along with Caprylyl Glycol to preserve the shelf life of products.
Squalane is the hydrogenated and shelf-stable form of squalene (a lipid that naturally occurs in human sebum).
It is an emollient and skin conditioning agent that is able to integrate seamlessly into the skin's lipid barrier without clogging pores.
This is due to how structurally similar it is to what your skin already produces.
Though it is mostly an emollient that helps soften and hydrate skin, it also has some humectant and occlusive action. Humectants help the skin retain moisture while occlusives seal it in, making squalane a triple-threat moisturizer.
Research shows it has antioxidant capabilities that help protect against stressors like UV exposure, specifically UVA induced oxidative stress. This study also found that it supports collagen biosynthesis in human dermal fibroblasts.
No clinical study has reported significant adverse effects and irritation reactions are very rare from this ingredient (even at 100% concentration).
Overall, it's a fantastic ingredient for hydration and is suitable for all skin types.
This depends on the source. Squalane can be derived from both plants and animals. Most squalane used in skincare comes from plants.
Please note: the source of squalane is only known if disclosed by the brand. We recommend reaching out to the brand if you have any questions about their squalane.
Read more about squalene with an "e".
Though squalane is often called an oil, itâs technically not one. It is a hydrocarbon, meaning it is only made of carbon and hydrogen. True oils are triglycerides and made of fatty acids and glycerol.
The term âoil-freeâ isnât regulated so companies can define it however they want. Some exclude all oils, while others just avoid mineral oil or comedogenic oils.
Squalane has a comedogenic rating of 1 from the original 1972 study that tested raw ingredients under occlusion on rabbit ears. This system is not standardized or peer-reviewed, and using the raw ingredients is very different from how diluted cosmetic formulations are used on human skin.
A comedogenic rating of 1 means it is "unlikely to clog pores" according to the original rating system.
The overall formula of a product matters more than the individual ingredients on whether or not it will cause clogged pores.
Learn more about SqualaneTocopherol (also known as Vitamin E) is a common antioxidant used to help protect the skin from free-radicals and strengthen the skin barrier. It's also fat soluble - this means our skin is great at absorbing it.
Vitamin E also helps keep your natural skin lipids healthy. Your lipid skin barrier naturally consists of lipids, ceramides, and fatty acids. Vitamin E offers extra protection for your skinâs lipid barrier, keeping your skin healthy and nourished.
Another benefit is a bit of UV protection. Vitamin E helps reduce the damage caused by UVB rays. (It should not replace your sunscreen). Combining it with Vitamin C can decrease sunburned cells and hyperpigmentation after UV exposure.
You might have noticed Vitamin E + C often paired together. This is because it is great at stabilizing Vitamin C. Using the two together helps increase the effectiveness of both ingredients.
There are often claims that Vitamin E can reduce/prevent scarring, but these claims haven't been confirmed by scientific research.
Learn more about TocopherolWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water