What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningSodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate
CleansingGlycerin
HumectantPropylene Glycol
HumectantLauric Acid
CleansingCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride
MaskingSodium Hyaluronate
HumectantDimethyl Sulfone
SolventPotassium Hydroxide
BufferingGlycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract
BleachingBetaine
HumectantStearic Acid
CleansingChamaecyparis Obtusa Water
MaskingAnanas Sativus Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningChlorphenesin
AntimicrobialMelaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Oil
AntioxidantIllicium Verum Fruit Extract
PerfumingCitrus Paradisi Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningNelumbium Speciosum Flower Extract
Skin ConditioningPaeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract
Skin ProtectingScutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract
AstringentPanthenol
Skin ConditioningCitric Acid
BufferingPyridoxine
Skin ConditioningLinum Usitatissimum Seed Extract
PerfumingHibiscus Esculentus Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningAloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice
Skin ConditioningArctium Lappa Root Extract
Skin ConditioningHibiscus Mutabilis Flower Extract
Skin ConditioningCorchorus Olitorius Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningHydrolyzed Pea Protein
EmollientLecithin
EmollientOlea Europaea Fruit Oil
MaskingPhytosterols
Skin ConditioningSqualane
EmollientButyrospermum Parkii Butter
Skin ConditioningCeramide NP
Skin ConditioningPropanediol
SolventApium Graveolens Extract
Skin ConditioningBrassica Oleracea Capitata Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningBrassica Oleracea Italica Extract
AstringentBrassica Rapa Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningDaucus Carota Sativa Root Extract
Skin ConditioningOryza Sativa Bran Extract
Skin ConditioningSolanum Lycopersicum Fruit/Leaf/Stem Extract
AstringentLysine Hcl
Skin ConditioningProline
Skin ConditioningSodium Ascorbyl Phosphate
AntioxidantAcetyl Methionine
Skin ConditioningTheanine
EmollientTocopheryl Acetate
AntioxidantPanax Ginseng Callus Culture Extract
Skin ConditioningCentella Asiatica Extract
CleansingPortulaca Oleracea Extract
Skin ConditioningBeta-Glucan
Skin ConditioningPapain
Skin ConditioningWater, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, Glycerin, Propylene Glycol, Lauric Acid, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Sodium Hyaluronate, Dimethyl Sulfone, Potassium Hydroxide, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Betaine, Stearic Acid, Chamaecyparis Obtusa Water, Ananas Sativus Fruit Extract, Chlorphenesin, Melaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Oil, Illicium Verum Fruit Extract, Citrus Paradisi Fruit Extract, Nelumbium Speciosum Flower Extract, Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract, Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract, Panthenol, Citric Acid, Pyridoxine, Linum Usitatissimum Seed Extract, Hibiscus Esculentus Fruit Extract, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Arctium Lappa Root Extract, Hibiscus Mutabilis Flower Extract, Corchorus Olitorius Leaf Extract, Hydrolyzed Pea Protein, Lecithin, Olea Europaea Fruit Oil, Phytosterols, Squalane, Butyrospermum Parkii Butter, Ceramide NP, Propanediol, Apium Graveolens Extract, Brassica Oleracea Capitata Leaf Extract, Brassica Oleracea Italica Extract, Brassica Rapa Leaf Extract, Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract, Oryza Sativa Bran Extract, Solanum Lycopersicum Fruit/Leaf/Stem Extract, Lysine Hcl, Proline, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Acetyl Methionine, Theanine, Tocopheryl Acetate, Panax Ginseng Callus Culture Extract, Centella Asiatica Extract, Portulaca Oleracea Extract, Beta-Glucan, Papain
Water
Skin ConditioningCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride
MaskingSodium Lauroyl Oat Amino Acids
CleansingVitis Vinifera
MaskingVitis Vinifera Seed Oil
EmollientStearic Acid
CleansingGlycerin
HumectantCetearyl Alcohol
EmollientZiziphus Mauritiana Leaf
Skin ProtectingButyrospermum Parkii Butter
Skin ConditioningKaolin
AbrasiveSqualane
EmollientPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeBenzyl Alcohol
PerfumingDipteryx Odorata Bean Extract
MaskingPanthenol
Skin ConditioningPistacia Vera Seed Extract
Skin ConditioningSodium Stearoyl Glutamate
CleansingVanilla Planifolia Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningXanthan Gum
EmulsifyingAloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder
Skin ConditioningTocopherol
AntioxidantSodium PCA
HumectantSodium Lactate
BufferingChamomilla Recutita Flower Extract
MaskingEthylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningArginine
MaskingOryza Sativa
Aspartic Acid
MaskingDehydroacetic Acid
PreservativePCA
HumectantGlycine
BufferingAlanine
MaskingSerine
MaskingValine
MaskingHydrolyzed Rice Protein
Skin ConditioningOryza Sativa Bran Oil
EmollientIsoleucine
Skin ConditioningProline
Skin ConditioningThreonine
Citric Acid
BufferingHistidine
HumectantPhenylalanine
MaskingWater, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Sodium Lauroyl Oat Amino Acids, Vitis Vinifera, Vitis Vinifera Seed Oil, Stearic Acid, Glycerin, Cetearyl Alcohol, Ziziphus Mauritiana Leaf, Butyrospermum Parkii Butter, Kaolin, Squalane, Phenoxyethanol, Benzyl Alcohol, Dipteryx Odorata Bean Extract, Panthenol, Pistacia Vera Seed Extract, Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate, Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Extract, Xanthan Gum, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder, Tocopherol, Sodium PCA, Sodium Lactate, Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract, Ethylhexylglycerin, Arginine, Oryza Sativa, Aspartic Acid, Dehydroacetic Acid, PCA, Glycine, Alanine, Serine, Valine, Hydrolyzed Rice Protein, Oryza Sativa Bran Oil, Isoleucine, Proline, Threonine, Citric Acid, Histidine, Phenylalanine
Reviews
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
This ingredient is also known as shea butter. It is a plant-derived extract from the nuts of the Africa shea tree and one of the most well-studied emollients.
Because it has a high concentration of fatty acids (primarily oleic, stearic, and linoleic) it is able to form a protective barrier on the skin's surface. This helps seal in moisture and prevents transepidermal water loss (TEWL).
In vitro research found an increase in skin hydration by 58% and a decrease in TEWL by 37.8% after 24 hours of applying this ingredient (pretty impressive for a single ingredient!).
Besides hydration, shea butter also contains triterpenes that have anti-inflammatory potential. In particule, lupeol cinnamate has shown the highest anti-inflammatory activity in vivo.
Shea butter also contains vitamins A and E which may contribute to antioxidant activity.
While Shea Butter has an SPF rating of about 3-4, it is not a sunscreen replacement.
This ingredient may not be fungal acne safe because its fatty acids fall within the C11-C24 range that the Malassezia yeast can metabolize.
Learn more about Butyrospermum Parkii ButterCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride (aka MCT Oil) is a lightweight emollient, solvent, and texture enhancer. It is considered a skin-softener by helping to prevent moisture loss.
Though it behaves like an oil, it is not technically one due to its chemical composition. One perk of this ingredient is that it is very stable, resistant to oxidation, and unlikely to go rancid.
In practice, that translates to a long shelf life and a consistently elegant skin feel.
While there is an assumption Caprylic Triglyceride can clog pores due to it being derived from coconut oil, there is no research supporting this. Just patch test if you have concerns.
Fractionated coconut oil and MCT Oil are both listed as Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride according to INCI. This is because INCI names are based on the ingredient’s final chemical composition and not its marketing name or source.
This ingredient is treated as the gold standard fungal acne safe oil. Even though it is coconut derived, the problematic lauric acid is stripped out.
This leaves just caprylic (C8) and capric (C10) acid. These chain lengths actually trend antifungal; a 2020 study found caprylic acid was enough to disrupt Malassezia furfur cell membrane, with a caprylic acid derivative damaging membrane structures at concentrations as low as 0.2%.
Learn more about Caprylic/Capric TriglycerideCitric Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) naturally found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and limes.
Like other AHAs, citric acid can exfoliate skin by breaking down the bonds that hold dead skin cells together. This helps reveal smoother and brighter skin underneath.
However, this exfoliating effect only happens at high concentrations (20%) which can be hard to find in cosmetic products.
Due to this, citric acid is usually included in small amounts as a pH adjuster. This helps keep products slightly more acidic and compatible with skin's natural pH.
In skincare formulas, citric acid can:
While it can provide some skin benefits, research shows lactic acid and glycolic acid are generally more effective and less irritating exfoliants.
Most citric acid used in skincare today is made by fermenting sugars (usually from molasses). This synthetic version is identical to the natural citrus form but easier to stabilize and use in formulations.
Read more about some other popular AHA's here:
Learn more about Citric AcidGlycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.
Topically, glycerin does several things at once:
Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.
Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.
This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.
Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.
Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.
Learn more about GlycerinPanthenol is a common ingredient that helps hydrate and soothe the skin. It is found naturally in our skin and hair.
There are two forms of panthenol: D and L.
D-panthenol is also known as dexpanthenol. Most cosmetics use dexpanthenol or a mixture of D and L-panthenol.
Panthenol is famous due to its ability to go deeper into the skin's layers. Using this ingredient has numerous pros (and no cons):
Like hyaluronic acid, panthenol is a humectant. Humectants are able to bind and hold large amounts of water to keep skin hydrated.
This ingredient works well for wound healing. It works by increasing tissue in the wound and helps close open wounds.
Once oxidized, panthenol converts to pantothenic acid. Panthothenic acid is found in all living cells.
This ingredient is also referred to as pro-vitamin B5.
Learn more about PanthenolProline is a non-essential amino acid, meaning your body can make it on its own. In skincare, it is a skin conditioning ingredient that keeps skin soft and hydrated.
It makes up about 23% of the collagen molecule (collagen is the protein responsible for keeping your skin firm) and is involved in your skin's natural hyaluronic acid production. When applied topically, proline can penetrate the skin fairly well due to its small molecular size.
Reviews of this ingredient have found it to be neither a dermal irritant nor a sensitizer.
Fun fact: Proline can be found in protein-rich foods like meat, fish, eggs, and dairy.
Learn more about ProlineSqualane is the hydrogenated and shelf-stable form of squalene (a lipid that naturally occurs in human sebum).
It is an emollient and skin conditioning agent that is able to integrate seamlessly into the skin's lipid barrier without clogging pores.
This is due to how structurally similar it is to what your skin already produces.
Though it is mostly an emollient that helps soften and hydrate skin, it also has some humectant and occlusive action. Humectants help the skin retain moisture while occlusives seal it in, making squalane a triple-threat moisturizer.
Research shows it has antioxidant capabilities that help protect against stressors like UV exposure, specifically UVA induced oxidative stress. This study also found that it supports collagen biosynthesis in human dermal fibroblasts.
No clinical study has reported significant adverse effects and irritation reactions are very rare from this ingredient (even at 100% concentration).
Overall, it's a fantastic ingredient for hydration and is suitable for all skin types.
This depends on the source. Squalane can be derived from both plants and animals. Most squalane used in skincare comes from plants.
Please note: the source of squalane is only known if disclosed by the brand. We recommend reaching out to the brand if you have any questions about their squalane.
Read more about squalene with an "e".
Though squalane is often called an oil, it’s technically not one. It is a hydrocarbon, meaning it is only made of carbon and hydrogen. True oils are triglycerides and made of fatty acids and glycerol.
The term “oil-free” isn’t regulated so companies can define it however they want. Some exclude all oils, while others just avoid mineral oil or comedogenic oils.
Squalane has a comedogenic rating of 1 from the original 1972 study that tested raw ingredients under occlusion on rabbit ears. This system is not standardized or peer-reviewed, and using the raw ingredients is very different from how diluted cosmetic formulations are used on human skin.
A comedogenic rating of 1 means it is "unlikely to clog pores" according to the original rating system.
The overall formula of a product matters more than the individual ingredients on whether or not it will cause clogged pores.
Learn more about SqualaneStearic Acid is a fatty acid that is already found in your skin. It's one of the free fatty acids that works alongside ceramides and cholesterols to maintain your barrier.
In cosmetics, it is a multitasker:
Safety-wise, the CIR Expert Panel has concluded it to be safe in cosmetics when formulated to be non-irritating and non-sensitizing.
Free stearic acid is a C18 fatty acid that the Malassezia yeast can substrate, so this ingredient may not be fungal acne safe.
Learn more about Stearic AcidWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water