What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningAlcohol Denat.
AntimicrobialMethyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer
C12-14 Alketh-12
EmulsifyingParfum
MaskingCarbomer
Emulsion StabilisingTromethamine
BufferingSilica
AbrasivePolypropylsilsesquioxane
1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningMenthol
MaskingHydroxyacetophenone
AntioxidantPentylene Glycol
Skin ConditioningPyrus Malus Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningDisodium EDTA
Niacinamide
SmoothingHydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate
Streptococcus Thermophilus Ferment
HumectantCamellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
AntimicrobialGlycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract
BleachingZanthoxylum Piperitum Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningPrunus Serrulata Fruit Extract
Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract
AntimicrobialScutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract
AstringentCitrus Limon Fruit Extract
MaskingQuercus Mongolica Bark Extract
Solanum Lycopersicum Fruit Extract
AntioxidantEuterpe Oleracea Fruit Extract
Panax Ginseng Root Extract
EmollientBiotin
AntiseborrhoeicSerine
MaskingGlycine
BufferingAlanine
MaskingValine
MaskingLeucine
Skin ConditioningIsoleucine
Skin ConditioningThreonine
Cysteine
AntioxidantLysine
Skin ConditioningGlutamic Acid
HumectantGlutamine
Skin ConditioningHistidine
HumectantPhenylalanine
MaskingArginine
MaskingMethionine
Skin ConditioningTryptophan
MaskingProline
Skin ConditioningTyrosine
MaskingAspartic Acid
MaskingAsparagine
MaskingAllantoin
Skin ConditioningEthylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningLimonene
PerfumingCitronellol
PerfumingBenzyl Salicylate
PerfumingCoumarin
PerfumingLinalool
PerfumingBenzyl Alcohol
PerfumingCitral
PerfumingGeraniol
PerfumingAmyl Cinnamal
PerfumingHydroxycitronellal
PerfumingWater, Alcohol Denat., Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, C12-14 Alketh-12, Parfum, Carbomer, Tromethamine, Silica, Polypropylsilsesquioxane, 1,2-Hexanediol, Menthol, Hydroxyacetophenone, Pentylene Glycol, Pyrus Malus Fruit Extract, Disodium EDTA, Niacinamide, Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate, Streptococcus Thermophilus Ferment, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Zanthoxylum Piperitum Fruit Extract, Prunus Serrulata Fruit Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract, Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract, Citrus Limon Fruit Extract, Quercus Mongolica Bark Extract, Solanum Lycopersicum Fruit Extract, Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Biotin, Serine, Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Threonine, Cysteine, Lysine, Glutamic Acid, Glutamine, Histidine, Phenylalanine, Arginine, Methionine, Tryptophan, Proline, Tyrosine, Aspartic Acid, Asparagine, Allantoin, Ethylhexylglycerin, Limonene, Citronellol, Benzyl Salicylate, Coumarin, Linalool, Benzyl Alcohol, Citral, Geraniol, Amyl Cinnamal, Hydroxycitronellal
Cyclopentasiloxane
EmollientAlcohol Denat.
AntimicrobialDimethicone
EmollientCyclohexasiloxane
EmollientTrisiloxane
Skin ConditioningPhenyl Trimethicone
Skin ConditioningIsononyl Isononanoate
EmollientDimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer
Skin ConditioningWater
Skin ConditioningVitis Vinifera Seed Oil
EmollientHippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Oil
Skin ProtectingCamellia Japonica Seed Oil
EmollientCocos Nucifera Oil
MaskingArgania Spinosa Kernel Oil
EmollientPyrus Malus Seed Oil
EmollientMacadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil
EmollientOlea Europaea Fruit Oil
MaskingPrunus Avium Seed Oil
EmollientButylene Glycol
Humectant1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningTocopherol
AntioxidantTerminalia Chebula Fruit Extract
Skin ConditioningVigna Radiata Seed Extract
Skin ConditioningCorchorus Olitorius Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningGlycine Max Seed Extract
Skin ConditioningOryza Sativa Extract
AbsorbentLaminaria Japonica Extract
Skin ProtectingLycium Barbarum Fruit Extract
AstringentHouttuynia Cordata Extract
Skin ConditioningHydrolyzed Soy Protein Extract
Skin ConditioningMilk Protein
Skin ConditioningMalus Domestica Fruit Extract
AntioxidantHydrolyzed Soy Protein
HumectantHydrolyzed Wheat Protein
Skin ConditioningWhey Protein
Skin ConditioningSilkworm Cocoon Extract
HumectantMilk Protein Extract
Hydrolyzed Silk
HumectantHydrolyzed Collagen
EmollientHydrolyzed Elastin
EmollientHydrolyzed Keratin
HumectantHydrolyzed Rice Protein
Skin ConditioningGlycine
BufferingCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride
MaskingAvena Sativa Protein Extract
Skin ConditioningOryza Sativa Bran Protein
AntioxidantPrunus Amygdalus Dulcis Protein
Skin ConditioningHydrolyzed Lupine Protein
Skin ConditioningHydrolyzed Sweet Almond Protein
Skin ConditioningHydrolyzed Oat Protein
Skin ConditioningHydrolyzed Pea Protein
EmollientHydrolyzed Sesame Protein
Skin ConditioningSerine
MaskingGlutamic Acid
HumectantAsparagine
MaskingEthylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningHydrolyzed Rice Bran Protein
Skin ConditioningLeucine
Skin ConditioningAspartic Acid
MaskingHydrogenated Lecithin
EmulsifyingGlutamine
Skin ConditioningElastin Amino Acids
Skin ConditioningAlanine
MaskingArginine
MaskingLysine
Skin ConditioningValine
MaskingTyrosine
MaskingPhenylalanine
MaskingProline
Skin ConditioningThreonine
Silk Amino Acids
HumectantSilk Powder
Skin ConditioningKeratin Amino Acids
Skin ConditioningBiotin
AntiseborrhoeicIsoleucine
Skin ConditioningCysteine
AntioxidantHistidine
HumectantMethionine
Skin ConditioningTryptophan
MaskingOrnithine
Skin ConditioningCarnitine
CleansingCholesterol
EmollientAlpha-Isomethyl Ionone
PerfumingAmyl Cinnamal
PerfumingCitronellol
PerfumingCoumarin
PerfumingLimonene
PerfumingGeraniol
PerfumingLinalool
PerfumingButylphenyl Methylpropional
PerfumingParfum
MaskingCyclopentasiloxane, Alcohol Denat., Dimethicone, Cyclohexasiloxane, Trisiloxane, Phenyl Trimethicone, Isononyl Isononanoate, Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Water, Vitis Vinifera Seed Oil, Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Oil, Camellia Japonica Seed Oil, Cocos Nucifera Oil, Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, Pyrus Malus Seed Oil, Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil, Olea Europaea Fruit Oil, Prunus Avium Seed Oil, Butylene Glycol, 1,2-Hexanediol, Tocopherol, Terminalia Chebula Fruit Extract, Vigna Radiata Seed Extract, Corchorus Olitorius Leaf Extract, Glycine Max Seed Extract, Oryza Sativa Extract, Laminaria Japonica Extract, Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract, Houttuynia Cordata Extract, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein Extract, Milk Protein, Malus Domestica Fruit Extract, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Whey Protein, Silkworm Cocoon Extract, Milk Protein Extract, Hydrolyzed Silk, Hydrolyzed Collagen, Hydrolyzed Elastin, Hydrolyzed Keratin, Hydrolyzed Rice Protein, Glycine, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Avena Sativa Protein Extract, Oryza Sativa Bran Protein, Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Protein, Hydrolyzed Lupine Protein, Hydrolyzed Sweet Almond Protein, Hydrolyzed Oat Protein, Hydrolyzed Pea Protein, Hydrolyzed Sesame Protein, Serine, Glutamic Acid, Asparagine, Ethylhexylglycerin, Hydrolyzed Rice Bran Protein, Leucine, Aspartic Acid, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Glutamine, Elastin Amino Acids, Alanine, Arginine, Lysine, Valine, Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Threonine, Silk Amino Acids, Silk Powder, Keratin Amino Acids, Biotin, Isoleucine, Cysteine, Histidine, Methionine, Tryptophan, Ornithine, Carnitine, Cholesterol, Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone, Amyl Cinnamal, Citronellol, Coumarin, Limonene, Geraniol, Linalool, Butylphenyl Methylpropional, Parfum
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
1,2-Hexanediol is a synthetic liquid and another multi-functional powerhouse.Ā
It is a:
- Humectant, drawing moisture into the skin
- Emollient, helping to soften skin
- Solvent, dispersing and stabilizing formulas
- Preservative booster, enhancing the antimicrobial activity of other preservativesĀ
Alanine is an amino acid and is already found in the human body. Our skin uses alanine to build collagen, elastin, and keratin.
Alcohol Denat. is an alcohol with a denaturant property. It is created by mixing ethanol with other additives.
The "denat" part just means "denatured"; common denaturants include Denatonium Benzoate, t-butyl alcohol, and Diethyl Phthalate. This step makes the alcohol undrinkable (and lets brand skip taxes related to beverage alcohol).
This ingredient gets a bad rep because it is irritating and drying due to its astringent property. Astringents draw out natural oils in tissue to constrict pores and dry out your skin.
However, alcohol denat. is not all that bad.
Due to its low molecular weight, alcohol denat. tends to evaporate quickly. One study on pig skin found half of applied alcohol evaporated in 10 seconds and less than 3% stayed on skin.
This also helps other ingredients become better absorbed upon application.
Studies are conflicted about whether this ingredient causes skin dehydration. One study from 2005 found adding emollients to propanol-based sanitizer decreased skin dryness and irritation. Another study found irritation only occurs if your skin is already damaged.
Small amounts of alcohol are generally tolerated by oily skin or people who live in humid environments.
The rule of thumb is this ingredient will probably not affect your skin much if it is near the end of an ingredients list.
One thing to note:
People with ALDH2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) deficiency may experience skin irritation from continued alcohol use. About 8% of the world's population have this deficiency.
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has determined denatured alcohols to be safe for use in concentrations between 0.05% and 12% (depending on which denaturant is used).
Also...
This ingredient has antimicrobial and solvent properties.
The antimicrobial property helps preserve products and increase their shelf life. As a solvent, it helps dissolve other ingredients.
Look for formulas that contain glycerin, hyaluronic acid, or panthenol if you want to offset any drying effect.
This ingredient will trip away your skin's natural oils/lipids that help it lock in moisture. This can worsen dryness, trigger eczema flare-ups, and aggravate rosacea.
Be sure to patch test any product with this ingredient if you have dry or sensitive skin, eczema, or rosacea.
Learn more about Alcohol Denat.Amyl Cinnamal is a synthetically produced fragrance. Its scent is reminiscent of jasmine flowers.
Amyl Cinnamal is a known EU allergen. This means it is known to cause skin sensitivity and allergies.
Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid. This just means our bodies can product a bit on its own, but sometimes needs a little boost from food sources.
It is a part of your skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF), or the water-loving molecules in your outermost layer of skin (stratum corneum) that keeps everything hydrated and happy.
Here's an interesting thing about Arginine: your skin converts it into urea through the Krebs-Henseleit urea cycle. Urea is one of the most effective humectants your skin naturally produces.
A clinical study showed applying 2.5% arginine hydrochloride to atopic dermatitis skin showed significant urea levels in the stratum corneum and improved moisture in just four weeks.
Arginine is also a precursor to nitric oxide; nitric oxide improves microcirculation and supports wound healing and collagen synthesis.
One study found that an amino acid complex containing Arginine reduced skin irritation, improved hydration, and accelerated skin repair in clinical / in-vivo studies.
Arginine itself is an amino acid and not a fatty acid, oil, or ester. On its own, it's not a direct food source for Malassezia, or the yeast that causes fungal acne.
Learn more about ArginineAsparagine is one building block of all proteins in our body. It is an antioxidant and may help with anti-aging.
Antioxidants help fight free-radicals, or molecules that may damage our skin cells.
Aspartic Acid is an amino acid that our bodies produce naturally. It is an antioxidant.
Our body uses Aspartic Acid to help build collagen and elastin. It also plays a role in hydrating skin.
Biotin is a B vitamin that is naturally produced by our bodies. It is also called Vitamin H.
Our bodies use biotin in the metabolism process. It also helps our bodies use enzymes and move nutrients around. A biotin deficiency can lead to brittle hair and nails.
More research is needed on applying biotin topically. However, taking biotin orally has been shown to help nourish the skin, hair, and nails. They play a role in forming skin-hydrating fatty acids.
Biotin is water-soluble. It can be found in foods such as fish, eggs, dairy, nuts, and meat. Vitamin H stands for "haar" and "haut". These are the German words for hair and skin.
Learn more about BiotinCitronellol is used to add fragrance/parfum to a product. It is often derived from plants such as roses. In fact, it can be found in many essential oils including geranium, lavender, neroli, and more. The scent of Citronellol is often described as "fresh, grassy, and citrus-like".
Since the Citronellol molecule is already unstable, Citronellol becomes irritating on the skin when exposed to air.
Citronellol is a modified terpene. Terpenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons found in plants. They make up the primary part of essential oils.
Citronellol is not able to be absorbed into deeper layers of the skin. It has low permeability,
Citronellol is also a natural insect repellent.
Learn more about CitronellolCoumarins are a group of substances found naturally in plants. There are over 1300 types of coumarins identified. It has a natural vanilla scent.
Coumarin is an identified EU known allergy, meaning it may cause an allergic reaction when applied to the skin.
In many countries, coumarin is banned as a food additive. However, it can be found in soaps, tobacco products, and some alcohol drinks.
Plants use coumarins as a chemical defense. Some plants that have coumarins include lavender, tonka beans, and yellow clovers.
Learn more about CoumarinCysteine is an amino acid found in our bodies. It becomes an antioxidant when converted into gluthatione.
Once it becomes gluthatione, it prevents oxidative damage to parts of our cell. Gluthatione has also been shown to protect our skin from UV-B induced damage.
Ethylhexylglycerin is created from glycerin. It is a multitasker ingredient that:
The CIR Expert Panel found minimal skin absorption or sensitization of any kind in a safety assessment. Though this ingredient is considered well-tolerated, a small number of cases of allergic dermatitis have been published since 2002. Just be sure to patch test if you are unsure.
Industry-reported use ranges from 8% in rinse-off products and 2% in leave-on formulations.
Learn more about EthylhexylglycerinGeraniol is used to add fragrance/parfum to a product. It is the main component of citronellol. It is a monoterpenoid and an alcohol.
Monoterpenes are naturally found in many parts of different plants.
Geraniol can be found in many essential oils including Rose Oil and Citronella Oil. The scent of Geraniol is often described as "rose-like". Many foods also contain Geraniol for fruit flavoring.
Geraniol can irritate the skin when exposed to air. However, irritation depends on the ability of geraniol to penetrate into the skin. In general, geraniol is not able to penetrate skin easily.
Geraniol is colorless and has low water-solubility. However, it is soluble in common organic solvents.
Like citronellol, it is a natural insect repellent.
2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, (2E)-
Learn more about GeraniolGlutamic Acid is an amino acid that is found in all living organisms. Our bodies use this to help nerve cells in the brain communicate with other cells.
In cosmetics, glutamic acid is a famous humectant. It draws water from the air to your skin, keeping your skin hydrated (like hyaluronic acid).
An in-vitro study from 2024 found glutamic acid to play a role in inhibiting inflammation and thus a potential skin-soothing ingredient.
Other studies show it to be have potential wound healing, skin barrier repair, and hair growth properties.
Glutamic acid has poor solubility in water and other solvents.
Learn more about Glutamic AcidGlutamine is an amino acid (a small building block your body uses to make proteins). It has skin conditioning properties and helps skin feel comfortable.
Think of glutamine as a quiet support player in your skincare. Your skinās outer layer (stratum corneum) needs two things to stay healthy: a strong barrier and enough moisture.
Part of what helps hold water in the skin is something called Natural Moisturizing Factors (NMF). These include amino acids or the same building blocks that make up proteins in your body.
Since glutamine is an amino acid, it falls into the ābarrier-friendly, skin-conditioningā category. Thatās why youāll usually find it in hydrating and soothing formulas.
There's some experimental evidence that glutamine can calm inflammation-related skin reactions when applied topically in a contact-dermatitis model. However, it's not the same as a proven eczema fix.
Learn more about GlutamineGlycine is the smallest amino acid and a key building block of collagen. It's part if your skin's Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF), or the water-loving molecules in your outermost layer of skin (stratum corneum) that keeps everything hydrated and happy.
A study from 2022 found that an amino acid complex featuring taurine, arginine, and glycine significantly reduced skin irritation, improved redness, and accelerated the skin repair process.
Histidine is a semi-essential amino acid used by our bodies to create protein. It has humectant and skin conditioning properties.
Our bodies use histidine to create filaggrin - filaggrin is a structural protein that the skin uses in maintaining skin barrier.
One study found histidine and carnosine to be a dynamic duo for your skin:
Oral histidine has also been found to help with filaggrin-deficit skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis.
Why is it considered a semi-essential amino acid? This is because adults are able to create it but children must get it from their diet.
Learn more about HistidineIsoleucine is an amino acid that helps reinforce our skin barrier. This amino acid plays a role in creating protein for the body.
Fun fact: Isoleucine is found in meat, fish, dairy, legumes, and nuts.
We don't have a description for Leucine yet.
Limonene is a fragrance that adds scent and taste to a formulation.
It's found in the peel oil of citrus fruits and other plants such as lavender and eucalyptus. The scent of limonene is generally described as "sweet citrus".
Limonene acts as an antioxidant, meaning it helps neutralize free radicals.
When exposed to air, oxidized limonene may sensitize the skin. Because of this, limonene is often avoided by people with sensitive skin.
The term 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term. For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance.
Learn more about LimoneneLinalool is a fragrance and helps add scent to products. It's derived from common plants such as cinnamon, mint, citrus, and lavender.
Like Limonene, this ingredient oxidizes when exposed to air. Oxidized linalool can cause allergies and skin sensitivity.
This ingredient has a scent that is floral, spicy tropical, and citrus-like.
Learn more about LinaloolLysine is an essential amino acid (your body cannot make it on its own). It has skin conditioning properties and one of the key players in collagen synthesis.
When your body creates collagen, lysine is basically the glue that holds everything together. It helps collagen fibers lock into each other and stay strong, with vitamin C being its trusty sidekick. Without enough lysine, this glue gets flimsy and less firm, resulting in less bouncy skin.
In skincare, lysine is mostly there to help keep your skin moisturized. It carries water through your skin's layers so everything stays plump.
So will putting lysine on your face create bouncier skin?
It's hard to say; most of the exciting collagen research on lysine comes from oral supplements or lab studies on mice. Further research is needed to truly understand what role topical lysine plays in skincare and your skin.
However, there's no harm in adding lysine to your routine as a supportive and hydrating ingredient.
Learn more about LysineMethionine is an essential amino acid. It is a conditioning agent and commonly found in both skin and hair products.
This amino acid is a precursor to glutathione, a powerful antioxidant.
Fun fact: Methionine can be found in meat, fish, and dairy. It cannot be naturally produce and requires dietary intake.
Learn more about MethionineParfum is a catch-all term for an ingredient or more that is used to give a scent to products.
Also called "fragrance", this ingredient can be a blend of hundreds of chemicals or plant oils. This means every product with "fragrance" or "parfum" in the ingredients list is a different mixture.
For instance, Habanolide is a proprietary trade name for a specific aroma chemical. When used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics, most aroma chemicals fall under the broad labeling category of āFRAGRANCEā or āPARFUMā according to EU and US regulations.
The term 'parfum' or 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term.
For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance by INCI standards.
One example is Calendula flower extract. Calendula is an essential oil that still imparts a scent or 'fragrance'.
Depending on the blend, the ingredients in the mixture can cause allergies and sensitivities on the skin. Some ingredients that are known EU allergens include linalool and citronellol.
Parfum can also be used to mask or cover an unpleasant scent.
The bottom line is: not all fragrances/parfum/ingredients are created equally. If you are worried about fragrances, we recommend taking a closer look at an ingredient. And of course, we always recommend speaking with a professional.
Learn more about ParfumPhenylalanine is an amino acid. It is a skin soothing and hydrating ingredient. Amino acids play a crucial role in wound healing and skin hydration.
This ingredient is also used to help even out skin tone due to its ability to disrupt the melanin production process.
Two structures of phenylalanine exist: L-phenylalanine and D-phenylalanine. L-phenylalanine is essential, this means our bodies cannot produce it naturally and we must get it from foods. Our bodies convert D-phenylalanine to neurotransmitters, and D-phenylalanine is found in our bodies naturally.
Some foods that contain L-phenylalanine include eggs, soybeans, beef, milk.
Learn more about PhenylalanineProline is a non-essential amino acid, meaning your body can make it on its own. In skincare, it is a skin conditioning ingredient that keeps skin soft and hydrated.
It makes up about 23% of the collagen molecule (collagen is the protein responsible for keeping your skin firm) and is involved in your skin's natural hyaluronic acid production. When applied topically, proline can penetrate the skin fairly well due to its small molecular size.
Reviews of this ingredient have found it to be neither a dermal irritant nor a sensitizer.
Fun fact: Proline can be found in protein-rich foods like meat, fish, eggs, and dairy.
Learn more about ProlineSerine is a non-essential amino acid (your body makes it on its own!). It is a major player in your skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF), or the water-loving molecules in your outermost layer of skin (stratum corneum) that keeps everything hydrated and happy.
Serine is one of your NMF's most abundant components that works as a skin-identical humectant. Its hydroxyl group grabs onto water molecules to boost hydration without any heaviness or occlusion.
Research on a hydrogel with serine confirmed this serine got delivered to your stratum corneum and demonstrated enhanced skin moisturization.
Interestingly serine also helps your skin produce filaggrin, a protein that keeps your skin barrier strong and used to create collagen.
Learn more about SerineThreonine is an amino-acid. It helps hydrate the skin and has antioxidant benefits.
Our skin uses threonine for creating collagen and elastin. Humans are not able to create threonine and must get it through eating foods such as fish, lentils, poultry, sesame seeds, and more.
We don't have a description for Tryptophan yet.
Tyrosine is one of the amino acids used to create protein. It plays a role in melanin production.
A study from 2012 found tyrosine to show promising results in restoring skin volume.
Valine is an essential amino acid. It is used by our bodies for tissue repair and muscle growth.
An essential amino acid is one in which our bodies cannot naturally produce so we must get them through diet. Foods such as eggs, dairy, red meat, and fish contain valine.
This ingredient can either be derived from an animal product or be synthetically created.
Learn more about ValineWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water