What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
No key ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Cyclopentasiloxane
EmollientDimethiconol
EmollientIsododecane
EmollientC12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
AntimicrobialCocos Nucifera Oil
MaskingParfum
MaskingArgania Spinosa Kernel Oil
EmollientCamellia Japonica Seed Oil
EmollientCoco-Caprylate/Caprate
EmollientLinalool
PerfumingBenzyl Benzoate
AntimicrobialPrunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil
MaskingOlea Europaea Fruit Oil
MaskingSimmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil
EmollientCitronellol
PerfumingGeraniol
PerfumingAlpha-Isomethyl Ionone
PerfumingCoumarin
PerfumingHexyl Cinnamal
PerfumingAcrylates/Polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate Copolymer
Skin ConditioningHydroxycitronellal
PerfumingGlycolipids
Skin ConditioningSclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil
HumectantCyclopentasiloxane, Dimethiconol, Isododecane, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Cocos Nucifera Oil, Parfum, Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, Camellia Japonica Seed Oil, Coco-Caprylate/Caprate, Linalool, Benzyl Benzoate, Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil, Olea Europaea Fruit Oil, Simmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil, Citronellol, Geraniol, Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone, Coumarin, Hexyl Cinnamal, Acrylates/Polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate Copolymer, Hydroxycitronellal, Glycolipids, Sclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil
Water
Skin ConditioningDimethicone
EmollientCyclopentasiloxane
EmollientGlycerin
HumectantDipropylene Glycol
HumectantVp/Methacrylamide/Vinyl Imidazole Copolymer
Alcohol Denat.
AntimicrobialAcrylates/Steareth-20 Itaconate Copolymer
Polyacrylamide
Tromethamine
BufferingC13-14 Isoparaffin
EmollientCaprylyl Glycol
EmollientParfum
MaskingEthylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningLaureth-7
EmulsifyingLinalool
PerfumingDisodium EDTA
ChelatingLimonene
PerfumingButylene Glycol
HumectantGeraniol
PerfumingCitronellol
PerfumingHexyl Cinnamal
PerfumingBenzyl Salicylate
PerfumingPunica Granatum Fruit Extract
Antioxidant1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningSqualane
EmollientArgania Spinosa Kernel Oil
EmollientPrunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil
MaskingPropanediol
SolventSodium Hyaluronate
HumectantCamellia Japonica Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningTocopherol
AntioxidantCamellia Japonica Flower Extract
EmollientHydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid
HumectantSodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer
HumectantPCA
HumectantLactic Acid
BufferingGlucose
HumectantHyaluronic Acid
HumectantGlycine
BufferingUrea
BufferingSodium Glycerophosphate
Serine
MaskingGlutamic Acid
HumectantPotassium Magnesium Aspartate
BufferingAspartic Acid
MaskingLeucine
Skin ConditioningSodium Chloride
MaskingAlanine
MaskingLysine
Skin ConditioningArginine
MaskingCalcium Gluconate
HumectantMagnesium Gluconate
Skin ConditioningTyrosine
MaskingPhenylalanine
MaskingProline
Skin ConditioningThreonine
Valine
MaskingIsoleucine
Skin ConditioningCitric Acid
BufferingSodium Acetylated Hyaluronate
HumectantHistidine
HumectantAcetyl Glucosamine
Skin ConditioningCysteine
AntioxidantCreatine
Skin ConditioningUric Acid
BufferingMethionine
Skin ConditioningWater, Dimethicone, Cyclopentasiloxane, Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, Vp/Methacrylamide/Vinyl Imidazole Copolymer, Alcohol Denat., Acrylates/Steareth-20 Itaconate Copolymer, Polyacrylamide, Tromethamine, C13-14 Isoparaffin, Caprylyl Glycol, Parfum, Ethylhexylglycerin, Laureth-7, Linalool, Disodium EDTA, Limonene, Butylene Glycol, Geraniol, Citronellol, Hexyl Cinnamal, Benzyl Salicylate, Punica Granatum Fruit Extract, 1,2-Hexanediol, Squalane, Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil, Propanediol, Sodium Hyaluronate, Camellia Japonica Leaf Extract, Tocopherol, Camellia Japonica Flower Extract, Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid, Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer, PCA, Lactic Acid, Glucose, Hyaluronic Acid, Glycine, Urea, Sodium Glycerophosphate, Serine, Glutamic Acid, Potassium Magnesium Aspartate, Aspartic Acid, Leucine, Sodium Chloride, Alanine, Lysine, Arginine, Calcium Gluconate, Magnesium Gluconate, Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Threonine, Valine, Isoleucine, Citric Acid, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Histidine, Acetyl Glucosamine, Cysteine, Creatine, Uric Acid, Methionine
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Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
You may know this ingredient as argan oil. It has emollient and skin conditioning properties that help soften skin and reinforce the lipid barrier.
The fatty acid profile of argan oil is roughly 45-55% oleic acid, 28-36% linoleic acid, 10-15% palmitic acid, and 5-7% stearic acid. It also contains vitamin E, sterols, squalene, and polyphenols like ferulic acid.
Two clinical studies in postmenopausal women found that applying argan oil for 60 days significantly improved skin elasticity and moisturization (reduced transepidermal water loss and increased epidermal water content).
Since it is high in oleic and linoleic acid, this ingredient may not be fungal acne safe. Both of these fall in the C11-C24 range that Malassezia yeast can metabolize.
Learn more about Argania Spinosa Kernel OilCitronellol is used to add fragrance/parfum to a product. It is often derived from plants such as roses. In fact, it can be found in many essential oils including geranium, lavender, neroli, and more. The scent of Citronellol is often described as "fresh, grassy, and citrus-like".
Since the Citronellol molecule is already unstable, Citronellol becomes irritating on the skin when exposed to air.
Citronellol is a modified terpene. Terpenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons found in plants. They make up the primary part of essential oils.
Citronellol is not able to be absorbed into deeper layers of the skin. It has low permeability,
Citronellol is also a natural insect repellent.
Learn more about CitronellolCyclopentasiloxane (D5) is a lightweight silicone that mostly acts as an emollient and solvent in cosmetics. Its the reason your products feel silky, fast-spreading, and non-greasy.
Since D5 is volatile, it does its thing and then evaporates off the skin quickly.
The safety profile of this ingredient is reassuring; the US CIR Expert Panel concluded D5 is safe as used in cosmetics and Health Canada concluded that D5 is not harmful to human health or the environment as currently used in cosmetics
There's a study that people mention about D5 in a rat study showing tumors. This study is related to long-term inhalation of high D5 levels.
Regulatory bodies have judged this study to be not applicable in topical skincare since skin absorption of D5 is very low and we're not really inhaling huge amounts of D5.
The only restriction for this ingredient is environmental. The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) restricted D5 in wash-off cosmetics at or above 0.1% due to their persistence in water.
Learn more about CyclopentasiloxaneGeraniol is used to add fragrance/parfum to a product. It is the main component of citronellol. It is a monoterpenoid and an alcohol.
Monoterpenes are naturally found in many parts of different plants.
Geraniol can be found in many essential oils including Rose Oil and Citronella Oil. The scent of Geraniol is often described as "rose-like". Many foods also contain Geraniol for fruit flavoring.
Geraniol can irritate the skin when exposed to air. However, irritation depends on the ability of geraniol to penetrate into the skin. In general, geraniol is not able to penetrate skin easily.
Geraniol is colorless and has low water-solubility. However, it is soluble in common organic solvents.
Like citronellol, it is a natural insect repellent.
2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, (2E)-
Learn more about GeraniolHexyl Cinnamal is a fragrance ingredient with a similar scent to jasmine. It can be naturally found in chamomile essential oil.
This ingredient is a known EU allergen and may sensitize the skin. The EU requires this ingredient to be listed separately on an ingredients list.
Hexyl Cinnamal is not water soluble but is soluble in oils.
Learn more about Hexyl CinnamalLinalool is a small, naturally occurring scent molecule found in plants like lavender, coriander, bergamot, and more.
It is one of the two most-used fragrance ingredients in cosmetics and added purely for smell. Since it's not used for a skin benefit, there's no "effective dose". Concentration depends on the fragrance load of the product.
The EU requires it to be named on the label above 0.001% in leave-on and 0.01% in rinse-off products.
Fresh linalool is a weak sensitizer but air exposure turns some of it into hydroperoxides, which are strong sensitizers. Those oxidation products are the actual allergy concern.
Patch-test clinics see positive reactions to linalool hydroperoxides in about 4% to 12% of dermatitis patients depending on country and test concentration.
Resassuringly, one analytical study found hydroperoxide levels in real fragranced products to be orders of magnitude below what induced sensitization in animal studies with no evidence of oxidation building up during normal storage.
The practical takeaway is that linalool is fine for most people but worth avoiding if you have a confirmed fragrance contact allergy or a badly compromised barrier.
Products stored a long time after opening are also the high-risk scenario since that is when oxidation happens.
The scent of linalool is described as floral, spicy tropical, and citrus-like.
Learn more about LinaloolParfum is a catch-all term for an ingredient or more that is used to give a scent to products.
Also called "fragrance", this ingredient can be a blend of hundreds of chemicals or plant oils. This means every product with "fragrance" or "parfum" in the ingredients list is a different mixture.
For instance, Habanolide is a proprietary trade name for a specific aroma chemical. When used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics, most aroma chemicals fall under the broad labeling category of “FRAGRANCE” or “PARFUM” according to EU and US regulations.
The term 'parfum' or 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term.
For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance by INCI standards.
One example is Calendula flower extract. Calendula is an essential oil that still imparts a scent or 'fragrance'.
Depending on the blend, the ingredients in the mixture can cause allergies and sensitivities on the skin. Some ingredients that are known EU allergens include linalool and citronellol.
Parfum can also be used to mask or cover an unpleasant scent.
The bottom line is: not all fragrances/parfum/ingredients are created equally. If you are worried about fragrances, we recommend taking a closer look at an ingredient. And of course, we always recommend speaking with a professional.
Learn more about ParfumThis ingredient is also known as Apricot kernel oil, and it comes form the seed kernels of apricot (a member of the Rosaceae family like almond, peach, cherry, and plum).
It's mostly made up of triglycerides: oleic acid (43.9-78.5%), linoleic acid (9.7-37%), and palmitic acid (4.9-7.3%). These numbers vary depending on the variety of Prunus and the ripeness of the fruit; oleic tends to go up at late harvest while linoleic goes down.
Vitamin E is also prevalent in this ingredient and the most dominant form is gamma-tocopherol.
These compounds give the ingredient emollient and skin conditioning properties that keep the skin soft and hydrated.
There's no regulatory maximum cap for this ingredient so you'll see it across a huge concentration range (100% as a single ingredient facial oil).
On allergies: refined cosmetic-grade oils carry almost no protein. The CIR notes that people allergic to a food generally do not react to the refined oil because the allergenic protein does not partition into it (though cold-pressed grades retain more).
However, it's worth patch testing if you have a stone fruit or tree nut allergy because manufacturer processes for removing the protein can vary.
Malassezia lacks the cytosolic fatty acid synthase gene so the yeast cannot make palmitate on its own and instead uses lipases and phospholipases to release fatty acids from host lipids. Since apricot kernel oil is entirely C16-18 (right in the usable range of C11-24), this ingredient may not be fungal acne safe.
Old rabbit-ear testing did assign this ingredient a comedogenic rating of 1-2. The original author has stated that testing on rabbit ears is not an ideal model for human comedogenicity.
Human testing has proved that any finished product with a comedogenic ingredient won't automatically make you break out; it really comes down to concentration, formula, and your skin.
Just know high-oleic oils tend to feel heavier on oily skin so it's worth patch testing.
Learn more about Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil