What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningGlycerin
Humectant
Persea Gratissima Fruit Butter
Emollient
Glyceryl Stearate Se
Emulsifying
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil
Emollient
Olea Europaea Fruit Oil
Masking
Simmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil
Emollient
Olive Glycerides
Emulsifying
Cetyl Alcohol
Emollient
Stearic Acid
Cleansing
Rosa Moschata Oil
Astringent
Tocopherol
Antioxidant
Retinyl Palmitate
Skin Conditioning
Panthenol
Skin Conditioning
Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate
Antioxidant
Sodium Levulinate
Skin ConditioningSodium Anisate
AntimicrobialSodium Hyaluronate
Humectant
Ceramide NP
Skin Conditioning
Ubiquinone
Antioxidant
Lactic Acid
Buffering
Ferulic Acid
Antimicrobial
Xanthan Gum
EmulsifyingGlyceryl Caprylate
EmollientWater, Glycerin, Persea Gratissima Fruit Butter, Glyceryl Stearate Se, Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil, Olea Europaea Fruit Oil, Simmondsia Chinensis Seed Oil, Olive Glycerides, Cetyl Alcohol, Stearic Acid, Rosa Moschata Oil, Tocopherol, Retinyl Palmitate, Panthenol, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Sodium Levulinate, Sodium Anisate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Ceramide NP, Ubiquinone, Lactic Acid, Ferulic Acid, Xanthan Gum, Glyceryl Caprylate
Water
Skin ConditioningPropanediol
Solvent
Glycerin
Humectant
Pyrus Malus Fruit Extract
Skin Conditioning
Dimethicone
Emollient
Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vp Copolymer
Vitis Vinifera Seed Oil
Emollient
Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract
Antioxidant
Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate
Antioxidant
Ferulic Acid
Antimicrobial
Niacinamide
Smoothing
Sodium Hyaluronate
Humectant
Squalane
Emollient
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
Antimicrobial
Caulerpa Lentillifera Extract
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice
Skin Conditioning
Lactobacillus Ferment
Skin Conditioning
Glucosamine Hcl
Hydroxyethylcellulose
Emulsion StabilisingCitrus Paradisi Peel Oil
Masking
Butylene Glycol
Humectant
Oryza Sativa Bran Extract
Skin Conditioning
Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract
AntimicrobialHelianthus Annuus Extract
Emollient
Tocopherol
Antioxidant
Panax Ginseng Root Extract
Emollient
Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate
Polysorbate 20
Emulsifying
Phenoxyethanol
Preservative
Caprylyl Glycol
Emollient
Ethylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningHexylene Glycol
EmulsifyingCitric Acid
Buffering
Limonene
Perfuming
Water, Propanediol, Glycerin, Pyrus Malus Fruit Extract, Dimethicone, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vp Copolymer, Vitis Vinifera Seed Oil, Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, Ferulic Acid, Niacinamide, Sodium Hyaluronate, Squalane, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Caulerpa Lentillifera Extract, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Lactobacillus Ferment, Glucosamine Hcl, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Citrus Paradisi Peel Oil, Butylene Glycol, Oryza Sativa Bran Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract, Helianthus Annuus Extract, Tocopherol, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate, Polysorbate 20, Phenoxyethanol, Caprylyl Glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Hexylene Glycol, Citric Acid, Limonene
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
Ferulic Acid is a plant based antioxidant that can be naturally found in the cell walls of grains like rice, oats, and corn. It has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and has the ability to boost the performance of other antioxidants as well.
A well-known study found that adding Ferulic Acid to a solution of Vitamins C and E doubled the photoprotection of skin. This is why you'll often see it paired with Vitamin C or Vitamin E serums rather than sold on its own.
A 2025 review of 18 human studies found that using Ferulic Acid (0.5-1%) daily for one to three months showed improvements in:
As far as allergies go, Ferulic acid is generally well-tolerated but can cause an allergic reaction in very rare cases. It's also worth noting that Ferulic acid is often extracted from plant sources like rice bran or wheat bran, so be sure to path test if you have known grain allergies.
Outside of skincare, researchers are also looking into Ferulic Acid for its potential benefits in areas like diabetes, Alzheimer's, and heart health.
Learn more about Ferulic AcidGlycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.
Topically, glycerin does several things at once:
Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.
Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.
This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.
Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.
Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.
Learn more about GlycerinSodium Hyaluronate is the salt form of hyaluronic acid. It is a long sugar chain that is naturally found in your skin, joints, and connective tissue that maintains hydration and elasticity.
In skincare, it works as a humectant. It pulls water from the environment and deeper layers of skin and binds it to the surface.
Interestingly, the size of the molecule affects its behavior:
Some clinical evidence links low molecular weight versions to improved wrinkle depth, elasticity, anti-inflammatory effects, and barrier repair.
Many serums use a blend of both weights so you can get surface hydration plus longer-lasting and deeper effects.
You'll typically see concentrations between 0.1-2% for this ingredient.
Learn more about Sodium HyaluronateTocopherol is a fat-soluble antioxidant known as Vitamin E.
You'll find this ingredient in the vast majority of skincare (for good reason). It works to neutralize free radicals, or unstable molecules generated by UV exposure, pollution, and other environmental stressors, before they can cause oxidative damage to your skin cells.
Topically applied tocopherol has been shown to protect against UV damage by ramping up the skin's own natural defense enzymes.
It also acts as a skin conditioning agent; some studies show that regular topical use can improve the skin's water-binding capacity over 2-4 weeks.
This ingredient is especially loved for being a team player. When combined with Vitamin C, the photoprotective effect of both ingredients roughly doubles and the combo also helps reduce UV-induced DNA damage.
This ingredient has some brightening potential but it's more of a prevention ingredient than spot-fader. Cell studies show it can slow down melanin production but it's worth noting that it's not the most powerful brightener out there.
In formulations, it also serves as a stabilizer that helps protect other oxidation-prone ingredients from degrading.
Concentrations usually range from 0.1-1% in most leave-on products.
Learn more about TocopherolWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water
