What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningPropanediol
SolventNiacinamide
Smoothing1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningErythritol
HumectantGlycerin
HumectantCamellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
AntimicrobialPinus Densiflora Bark Extract
Skin ConditioningPinus Palustris Leaf Extract
TonicGlycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract
BleachingPropolis Extract
Skin ConditioningZinc PCA
HumectantLactobacillus Ferment
Skin ConditioningAllantoin
Skin ConditioningPolylysine
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract
EmollientUlmus Davidiana Root Extract
Skin ConditioningPueraria Lobata Root Extract
HumectantCynanchum Atratum Extract
Skin ConditioningChamomilla Recutita Flower Extract
MaskingButylene Glycol
HumectantFomes Officinalis Extract
Skin ProtectingRosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract
AntimicrobialOenothera Biennis Flower Extract
AstringentSodium Citrate
BufferingMelaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Extract
PerfumingCitric Acid
BufferingCaprylyl Glycol
EmollientWater, Propanediol, Niacinamide, 1,2-Hexanediol, Erythritol, Glycerin, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Pinus Densiflora Bark Extract, Pinus Palustris Leaf Extract, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract, Propolis Extract, Zinc PCA, Lactobacillus Ferment, Allantoin, Polylysine, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract, Ulmus Davidiana Root Extract, Pueraria Lobata Root Extract, Cynanchum Atratum Extract, Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract, Butylene Glycol, Fomes Officinalis Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract, Oenothera Biennis Flower Extract, Sodium Citrate, Melaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Extract, Citric Acid, Caprylyl Glycol
Water
Skin ConditioningButylene Glycol
HumectantGlycerin
HumectantPropanediol
SolventSorbitol
HumectantCeramide NP
Skin ConditioningCholesterol
EmollientPhytosphingosine
Skin ConditioningLactobacillus Ferment
Skin ConditioningBifida Ferment Filtrate
Skin ConditioningStearic Acid
CleansingCaprylyl Glycol
EmollientOleic Acid
EmollientCaprylic/Capric Triglyceride
MaskingHydrogenated Lecithin
EmulsifyingAllantoin
Skin ConditioningPanthenol
Skin ConditioningLactic Acid
BufferingBetaine
HumectantHydroxyethylcellulose
Emulsion StabilisingHydroxyacetophenone
Antioxidant1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningCaprylhydroxamic Acid
Water, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Propanediol, Sorbitol, Ceramide NP, Cholesterol, Phytosphingosine, Lactobacillus Ferment, Bifida Ferment Filtrate, Stearic Acid, Caprylyl Glycol, Oleic Acid, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Allantoin, Panthenol, Lactic Acid, Betaine, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Hydroxyacetophenone, 1,2-Hexanediol, Caprylhydroxamic Acid
Reviews
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
1,2-Hexanediol is a synthetic liquid and another multi-functional powerhouse.Â
It is a:
- Humectant, drawing moisture into the skin
- Emollient, helping to soften skin
- Solvent, dispersing and stabilizing formulas
- Preservative booster, enhancing the antimicrobial activity of other preservativesÂ
Allantoin is a soothing ingredient known for its protective and moisturizing properties; it's basically a quiet workhorse ingredient you can find in a huge range of cosmetics.
Though it can be derived from the comfrey plant, allantoin is produced synthetically for cosmetic products to ensure purity.
Research shows it can encourage your skin cells to turn over and renew by stimulating keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation.
It also has mild keratolytic properties to help loosen and shed dead skin cells without being harsh.
Studies also suggest allantoin can help calm inflammation by dialing down some of the chemical signals your skin sends out when it is irritated.
This ingredient is typically used in the 0.1-0.5% range, and the FDA recognizes it as a skin protectant in OTC products up to 2%.
Overall, allantoin is a wonderful addition to most routines; it is stable across a wide pH range (~4-8), works well with other ingredients, and is considered non-sensitizing/non-irritating.
Fun fact: Allantoin is naturally occurring in comfrey root, beets, chamomile, and wheat sprouts. Our bodies even produce it as a byproduct of uric acid metabolism.
Learn more about AllantoinButylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons:
Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients.
Though this ingredient works well with most skin types, some people with sensitive skin may experience a reaction such as allergic rashes, closed comedones, or itchiness.
Learn more about Butylene GlycolCaprylyl Glycol is a humectant, skin conditioner, emollient, and preservative booster derived from either caprylic acid or synthetically created.
Typical use levels vary from 0.3-1% as a preservative booster and go up to 2% to condition skin.
Because it is not a free-fatty acid or alcohol, this ingredient is fungal acne safe (there's nothing for Malassezia to feed on).
Learn more about Caprylyl GlycolGlycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.
Topically, glycerin does several things at once:
Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.
Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.
This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.
Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.
Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.
Learn more about GlycerinThis ingredient is made when the Lactobacillus bacteria (the same kind that makes yogurt and kimchi) are allowed to ferment a nutrient medium.
As it ferments, it collects lactic acid, peptides, enzymes, and other bioactive metabolites to provide:
A 2023 review noted that probiotic fermentation ingredients like this one can enhance antioxidant capacity, reduce UV-induced oxidative damage, and support barrier function.
One clinical study from the same year showed a Lactobacillus ferment lysate significantly reduced transepidermal water loss and improved skin hydration.
Another review highlighted that topical Lactobacillus-based preparations can improve ceramide levels in the stratum corneum, support barrier integrity, and even help reduce S. aureus colonization in atopic dermatitis.
Why is this so cool?
Basically, your skin's outer layer works as a brick wall; skin cells are bricks and ceramides are the mortar holding it together. Moisture escapes, irritants get in, and your skin gets dry and reactive when ceramide levels drop. On top of that, "bad" skin bacteria S. aureus loves to move in when your barrier is weak to make inflammation and irritation worse.
So Lactobacillus ferment is basically patching the wall and evicting the troublemaker when it boosts ceramide production and help keep S. aureus in check.
On top of all this, it also acts as a mild antimicrobial preservative booster.
Just so you know, most studies focus on specific strains or the lysate form rather than this generic "Lactobacillus Ferment", so results can vary.
Though it's a promising ingredient, it doesn't have decades of robust clinical data behind it just yet.
Lactobacillus Ferment is generally considered safe for fungal-acne prone skin. The key thing to understand is that it comes from bacteria, not yeast or fungus.
Yeast-derived ferments (like galactomyces) have been shown to activate a protein that's linked to Malassezia-related skin issues whereas lactobacillus doesn't have that problem.
Its byproducts also don't contain the types of fatty acids (C11-24 chain lengths) that Malassezia feeds on.
Learn more about Lactobacillus FermentPropanediol is an all-star ingredient. It softens, hydrates, and smooths the skin.Â
It’s often used to:
Propanediol is not likely to cause sensitivity and considered safe to use. It is derived from corn or petroleum with a clear color and no scent.
Learn more about PropanediolWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water