What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
No key ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningCocamidopropyl Betaine
CleansingLauryl Glucoside
CleansingDisodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate
CleansingGlycerin
HumectantSodium Chloride
MaskingHamamelis Virginiana Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningPicrasma Excelsa Wood Extract
AstringentTerminalia Arjuna Bark Extract
Skin ConditioningMelia Azadirachta Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningArctostaphylos Uva Ursi Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningMorus Nigra Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningAzadirachta Indica Seed Oil
Skin ConditioningMentha Arvensis Leaf Oil
MaskingCitrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil
MaskingMelaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Oil
AntioxidantMenthol
MaskingEucalyptus Globulus Leaf Oil
PerfumingIllicium Verum Fruit/Seed Oil
MaskingMentha Spicata Herb Oil
PerfumingAcrylates Copolymer
Isostearamide Mipa
Foam BoostingSodium Benzoate
MaskingCoco-Glucoside
CleansingGlyceryl Oleate
EmollientGlyceryl Laurate
EmollientPotassium Sorbate
PreservativeParfum
MaskingHydroxypropyl Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride
Citric Acid
BufferingSodium Hydroxide
BufferingTetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate
ChelatingHexyl Cinnamal
PerfumingLimonene
PerfumingLinalool
PerfumingWater, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Lauryl Glucoside, Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate, Glycerin, Sodium Chloride, Hamamelis Virginiana Leaf Extract, Picrasma Excelsa Wood Extract, Terminalia Arjuna Bark Extract, Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract, Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi Leaf Extract, Morus Nigra Leaf Extract, Azadirachta Indica Seed Oil, Mentha Arvensis Leaf Oil, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Peel Oil, Melaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Oil, Menthol, Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Oil, Illicium Verum Fruit/Seed Oil, Mentha Spicata Herb Oil, Acrylates Copolymer, Isostearamide Mipa, Sodium Benzoate, Coco-Glucoside, Glyceryl Oleate, Glyceryl Laurate, Potassium Sorbate, Parfum, Hydroxypropyl Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride, Citric Acid, Sodium Hydroxide, Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate, Hexyl Cinnamal, Limonene, Linalool
Saposhnikovia Divaricata Root Extract
AntimicrobialGlycerin
HumectantMyristic Acid
CleansingLauric Acid
CleansingPotassium Hydroxide
BufferingWater
Skin ConditioningPalmitic Acid
EmollientStearic Acid
CleansingGlycol Distearate
EmollientGlyceryl Stearate
EmollientGlyceryl Stearate Se
EmulsifyingPEG-100 Stearate
SurfactantLauramide DEA
Foam Boosting1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningButylene Glycol
HumectantGlyceryl Caprylate
EmollientOzokerite
Emulsion StabilisingHydrogenated Vegetable Oil
EmollientBeeswax
Emulsion StabilisingSodium Chloride
MaskingStearyl Stearate
EmollientHydrogenated Palm Acid
Capric Acid
CleansingOleic Acid
EmollientSodium Polyacrylate
AbsorbentCocamidopropyl Betaine
CleansingParfum
MaskingLinalool
PerfumingLimonene
PerfumingSaposhnikovia Divaricata Root Extract, Glycerin, Myristic Acid, Lauric Acid, Potassium Hydroxide, Water, Palmitic Acid, Stearic Acid, Glycol Distearate, Glyceryl Stearate, Glyceryl Stearate Se, PEG-100 Stearate, Lauramide DEA, 1,2-Hexanediol, Butylene Glycol, Glyceryl Caprylate, Ozokerite, Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil, Beeswax, Sodium Chloride, Stearyl Stearate, Hydrogenated Palm Acid, Capric Acid, Oleic Acid, Sodium Polyacrylate, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Parfum, Linalool, Limonene
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Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a fatty acid created by mixing similar compounds in coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine, a compound with two amino groups.
This ingredient is a surfactant and cleanser. It helps gather the dirt, pollutants, and other impurities in your skin to be washed away. It also helps thicken a product and make the texture more creamy.
Being created from coconut oil means Cocamidopropyl Betaine is hydrating for the skin.
While Cocamidopropyl Betaine was believed to be an allergen, a study from 2012 disproved this. It found two compounds in unpure Cocamidopropyl Betaine to be the irritants: aminoamide and 3-dimethylaminopropylamine. High-grade and pure Cocamidopropyl Betaine did not induce allergic reactions during this study.
Learn more about Cocamidopropyl BetaineGlycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.
Topically, glycerin does several things at once:
Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.
Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.
This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.
Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.
Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.
Learn more about GlycerinLimonene is the compound that gives citrus peel its smell.
In skincare, it shows up as a standalone fragrance ingredient or as a natural compound of citrus and other essential oils.
You'll typically see this ingredient used in very small amounts; anything above 0.001% in a leave-on product or 0.01% in a rinse-off has to be named on the label in the EU. The citrus oils that carry it sit around 0.5-1% in a finished formula.
Fresh limonene is a weak allergen; the real issue is that it slowly reacts with air and then breaks down from oxidation to create hydroperoxides (which are strong sensitizers). This is why suppliers are required to keep the peroxide value below 20 mmol.
Positive reactions in people being investigated for eczema vary:
It's worth skipping if you have a known fragrance allergy or a compromised barrier, but the risk is low for most people.
Older or long-opened products are also more likely to bother you than fresh ones due to oxidation.
Learn more about LimoneneLinalool is a small, naturally occurring scent molecule found in plants like lavender, coriander, bergamot, and more.
It is one of the two most-used fragrance ingredients in cosmetics and added purely for smell. Since it's not used for a skin benefit, there's no "effective dose". Concentration depends on the fragrance load of the product.
The EU requires it to be named on the label above 0.001% in leave-on and 0.01% in rinse-off products.
Fresh linalool is a weak sensitizer but air exposure turns some of it into hydroperoxides, which are strong sensitizers. Those oxidation products are the actual allergy concern.
Patch-test clinics see positive reactions to linalool hydroperoxides in about 4% to 12% of dermatitis patients depending on country and test concentration.
Resassuringly, one analytical study found hydroperoxide levels in real fragranced products to be orders of magnitude below what induced sensitization in animal studies with no evidence of oxidation building up during normal storage.
The practical takeaway is that linalool is fine for most people but worth avoiding if you have a confirmed fragrance contact allergy or a badly compromised barrier.
Products stored a long time after opening are also the high-risk scenario since that is when oxidation happens.
The scent of linalool is described as floral, spicy tropical, and citrus-like.
Learn more about LinaloolParfum is a catch-all term for an ingredient or more that is used to give a scent to products.
Also called "fragrance", this ingredient can be a blend of hundreds of chemicals or plant oils. This means every product with "fragrance" or "parfum" in the ingredients list is a different mixture.
For instance, Habanolide is a proprietary trade name for a specific aroma chemical. When used as a fragrance ingredient in cosmetics, most aroma chemicals fall under the broad labeling category of “FRAGRANCE” or “PARFUM” according to EU and US regulations.
The term 'parfum' or 'fragrance' is not regulated in many countries. In many cases, it is up to the brand to define this term.
For instance, many brands choose to label themselves as "fragrance-free" because they are not using synthetic fragrances. However, their products may still contain ingredients such as essential oils that are considered a fragrance by INCI standards.
One example is Calendula flower extract. Calendula is an essential oil that still imparts a scent or 'fragrance'.
Depending on the blend, the ingredients in the mixture can cause allergies and sensitivities on the skin. Some ingredients that are known EU allergens include linalool and citronellol.
Parfum can also be used to mask or cover an unpleasant scent.
The bottom line is: not all fragrances/parfum/ingredients are created equally. If you are worried about fragrances, we recommend taking a closer look at an ingredient. And of course, we always recommend speaking with a professional.
Learn more about ParfumChances are, you eat sodium chloride every day. Sodium Chloride is also known as table salt. This ingredient has many purposes in skincare: thickener, emulsifier, and exfoliator.
You'll most likely find this ingredient in cleansers where it is used to create a gel-like texture. As an emulsifier, it also prevents ingredients from separating.
You might see people debate whether Sodium Chloride is comedogenic, but there actually haven't been any comedogenic tests done on it. Either way, the overall formulation of a product matters a lot more than any single ingredient.
You might see this ingredient used in scrubs as a primary exfoliating ingredient.
Learn more about Sodium ChlorideWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water