Kracie Hadabisei Brightening Facial Serum

Ceramide 4 is a type of Ceramide. It has been formally retired and replaced with Ceramide AS.

Ceramides are intercellular lipids naturally found in our skin that bonds dead skin cells together to create a barrier. They are known for their ability to hold water and thus are a great ingredient for dry skin.

Oryza Sativa Bran Extract comes from the outer layer of a rice kernel. It is a byproduct of milling rice, or the operation to produce a whole grain rice product.

This ingredient has moisturizing properties due to its components of polysaccharides and omega-3 fatty acids. It also contains calcium, selenium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc.

We don't have a description for Pisum Sativum Extract yet.

We don't have a description for Hydrolyzed Conchiolin Protein yet.

We don't have a description for Silk Extract yet.

You might know this plant as Job's Tears or Chinese pearl barley. It is a grain native to Southeast Asia.

This ingredient has skin conditioning properties. Emerging studies show the grain to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties as well. (With one study finding this ingredient to be effective at blocking melanin when skin is exposed to UV).

Glycine Soja Extract comes from the soybean. Glycine Soja is native to eastern Asia.

Soybeans are rich in antioxidants. Antioxidants may improve the signs of aging.

We don't have a description for 1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid yet.

Glycerin is already naturally found in your skin. It helps moisturize and protect your skin.

A study from 2016 found glycerin to be more effective as a humectant than AHAs and hyaluronic acid.

Butylene Glycol (or BG) is used within cosmetic products for a few different reasons:

Overall, Butylene Glycol is a safe and well-rounded ingredient that works well with other ingredients.

We don't have a description for Polyglycerin-6 yet.

Alcohol Denat. is an alcohol with a denaturant property. It is created by mixing ethanol with other additives.

This ingredient gets a bad rep because it is irritating and drying - mostly due to its astringent property. Astringents draw out natural oils in tissue, constricting pores and leaving your skin dried out.

We don't have a description for Iron Hydroxide yet.

Peg-8 Castor Oil is synthetically created from castor oil.

This ingredient may not be Malassezia folliculitis, or fungal-acne safe.

We don't have a description for Hedta yet.

We don't have a description for Polyvinylalcohol Crosspolymer yet.

Sorbitan Laurate is created from lauric acid and derivatives from sorbitol. It is an emulsifier.

We don't have a description for Zinc Citrate yet.

Citric Acid is an AHA derived from citrus fruits (think oranges, lemons, and limes!).

As an AHA, Citric Acid removes the top layer of skin cells from the newer layer of skin underneath. This helps skin to remove dark spots and even out skin tone.

Phenoxyethanol is a preservative that has germicide, antimicrobial, and aromatic properties. Studies show that phenoxyethanol can prevent microbial growth. By itself, it has a scent that is similar to that of a rose.

It's often used in formulations along with Caprylyl Glycol to preserve the shelf life of products.

Sodium Paraben is a preservative and is a paraben.

Water. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.

So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.