What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
No concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningNiacinamide
SmoothingMethyl Gluceth-20
HumectantPotassium Azeloyl Diglycinate
Skin ConditioningGlycerin
HumectantPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeDipotassium Glycyrrhizate
HumectantEctoin
Skin ConditioningPPG-1-PEG-9 Lauryl Glycol Ether
EmulsifyingCellulose Gum
Emulsion StabilisingChondrus Crispus Powder
AbrasiveNelumbo Nucifera Leaf Extract
Skin ConditioningChlorphenesin
AntimicrobialCeratonia Siliqua Gum
EmollientSucrose
HumectantAngelica Gigas Extract
Skin ConditioningCamellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
AntimicrobialPsidium Guajava Fruit Extract
AstringentButylene Glycol
HumectantDisodium EDTA
Sodium Metabisulfite
AntioxidantEthylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningCystoseira Tamariscifolia Extract
Skin ConditioningAminomethyl Propanol
BufferingWater, Niacinamide, Methyl Gluceth-20, Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate, Glycerin, Phenoxyethanol, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Ectoin, PPG-1-PEG-9 Lauryl Glycol Ether, Cellulose Gum, Chondrus Crispus Powder, Nelumbo Nucifera Leaf Extract, Chlorphenesin, Ceratonia Siliqua Gum, Sucrose, Angelica Gigas Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Psidium Guajava Fruit Extract, Butylene Glycol, Disodium EDTA, Sodium Metabisulfite, Ethylhexylglycerin, Cystoseira Tamariscifolia Extract, Aminomethyl Propanol
Water
Skin ConditioningPropylene Glycol
HumectantPotassium Azeloyl Diglycinate
Skin ConditioningSaccharomyces/Xylinum/Black Tea Ferment
Skin ConditioningNiacinamide
SmoothingGlycerin
HumectantPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeXanthan Gum
EmulsifyingAllantoin
Skin ConditioningChlorphenesin
AntimicrobialTetrasodium EDTA
Sodium Bisulfite
AntioxidantHydroxyethylcellulose
Emulsion StabilisingBiosaccharide Gum-1
HumectantSodium Citrate
BufferingCitric Acid
BufferingCaprylyl Glycol
EmollientPotassium Sorbate
PreservativeSodium Hydroxide
BufferingWater, Propylene Glycol, Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate, Saccharomyces/Xylinum/Black Tea Ferment, Niacinamide, Glycerin, Phenoxyethanol, Xanthan Gum, Allantoin, Chlorphenesin, Tetrasodium EDTA, Sodium Bisulfite, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Biosaccharide Gum-1, Sodium Citrate, Citric Acid, Caprylyl Glycol, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Hydroxide
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Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
Chlorphenesin is a synthetic preservative. It helps protect a product against bacteria in order to extend shelf life. In most cases, Chlorphenesin is paired with other preservatives such as phenoxyethanol and caprylyl glycol.
Chlorphenesin is a biocide. This means it is able to help fight the microorganisms on our skin. It is also able to fight odor-releasing bacteria.
Chlorphenesin is soluble in both water and glycerin.
Studies show Chlorphenesin is easily absorbed by our skin. You should speak with a skincare professional if you have concerns about using Chlorphenesin.
Learn more about ChlorphenesinGlycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum.
Topically, glycerin does several things at once:
Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3.
Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, elasticity, and repair. Interestingly, mice lacking in AQP3 have dry and less elastic skin that can be fully corrected with glycerin.
This ingredient is non-irritating, plays well with almost every ingredient, and works across all skin types. Typical use is anywhere between 3-10% but can go up to 79% in some leave-on products.
Just know very high concentrations (>40%) can feel tacky in low humidity.
Glycerin is the name for this ingredient in American English. British English uses Glycerol/Glycerine.
Learn more about GlycerinNiacinamide is a multitasking form of vitamin B3 that strengthens the skin barrier, reduces pores and dark spots, regulates oil, and improves signs of aging.
And the best part? It's gentle and well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive and reactive skin.
You might have heard of "niacin flush", or the reddening of skin that causes itchiness. Niacinamide has not been found to cause this.
In very rare cases, some individuals may not be able to tolerate niacinamide at all or experience an allergic reaction to it.
If you are experiencing flaking, irritation, and dryness with this ingredient, be sure to double check all your products as this ingredient can be found in all categories of skincare.
When incorporating niacinamide into your routine, look out for concentration amounts. Typically, 5% niacinamide provides benefits such as fading dark spots. However, if you have sensitive skin, it is better to begin with a smaller concentration.
When you apply niacinamide to your skin, your body converts it into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). NAD is an essential coenzyme that is already found in your cells as "fuel" and powers countless biological processes.
In your skin, NAD helps repair cell damage, produce new healthy cells, support collagen production, strengthen the skin barrier, and fight environmental stressors (like UV and pollution).
Our natural NAD levels start to decline with age, leading to slower skin repair, visible aging, and a weaker skin barrier. By providing your skin niacinamide, you're recharging your skin's NAD levels. This leads to stronger, healthier, and younger looking skin.
Another name for vitamin B3 is nicotinamide. This vitamin is water-soluble and our bodies don't store it. We obtain Vitamin B3 from either food or skincare. Meat, fish, wheat, yeast, and leafy greens contain vitamin B3.
The type of niacinamide used in skincare is synthetically created.
Learn more about NiacinamidePhenoxyethanol is a preservative that has germicide, antimicrobial, and aromatic properties. Studies show that phenoxyethanol can prevent microbial growth. By itself, it has a scent that is similar to that of a rose.
It's often used in formulations along with Caprylyl Glycol to preserve the shelf life of products.
Potassium Azeloyl Diglycinate (PAD) comes from the condensation of azelaic acid mixed with glycine.
This ingredient has similar properties to azelaic acid; it can help reduce sebum production and soothe skin. PAD also inhibits tyrosinase activity to help brighten skin. Tyrosinase is an enzyme that controls melanin production.
A study from 2023 found 5% PAD combined with nicotinamide (a form of niacin) effectively reduced melanin production after 6 weeks.
Several studies from the 2010's also show PAD to be effective in alleviating symptoms of Rosacea.
Though this ingredient is considered a gentle active, higher amounts may result in irritation.
Unlike azelaic acid, this ingredient is water-soluble. This property makes it easier to formulate into skincare products.
Learn more about Potassium Azeloyl DiglycinateWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water