What's inside
What's inside
Key Ingredients
Benefits
Concerns
No concerns
Ingredients Side-by-side
Water
Skin ConditioningButylene Glycol
HumectantNiacinamide
SmoothingTranexamic Acid
AstringentAlpha-Arbutin
Antioxidant1,2-Hexanediol
Skin ConditioningBetaine
Humectant3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid
Skin ConditioningSodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate
Emulsion StabilisingHydroxyacetophenone
AntioxidantDipotassium Glycyrrhizate
HumectantEthylhexylglycerin
Skin ConditioningSodium Hyaluronate
HumectantGlutathione
Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate
AntioxidantResveratrol
AntioxidantCaprylyl Glycol
EmollientNicotinoyl Dipeptide-23
Skin ConditioningSh-Polypeptide-9
Skin ConditioningWater, Butylene Glycol, Niacinamide, Tranexamic Acid, Alpha-Arbutin, 1,2-Hexanediol, Betaine, 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Sodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate, Hydroxyacetophenone, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Ethylhexylglycerin, Sodium Hyaluronate, Glutathione, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Resveratrol, Caprylyl Glycol, Nicotinoyl Dipeptide-23, Sh-Polypeptide-9
Water
Skin ConditioningTetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate
AntioxidantLactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate
Skin ConditioningSodium PCA
HumectantMagnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate
AntioxidantCarnosine
Skin ConditioningCarnitine
CleansingNiacinamide
SmoothingTetrahydrodiferuloylmethane
AntioxidantTetrahydrodemethoxydiferuloylmethane
AntioxidantTetrahydrobisdemethoxydiferuloylmethane
AntioxidantFerulic Acid
AntimicrobialHesperidin Methyl Chalcone
AntioxidantAscorbyl Palmitate
AntioxidantHyaluronic Acid
HumectantCamellia Sinensis Leaf Extract
AntimicrobialPhloretin
AntioxidantAloe Barbadensis Extract
Skin ConditioningGlutathione
Dimethylaminoethanol Tartrate
EmollientUbiquinone
AntioxidantResveratrol
AntioxidantCentella Asiatica Extract
CleansingLycopene
AntioxidantThioctic Acid
AntioxidantSuperoxide Dismutase
AntioxidantCatalase
Skin ConditioningSh-Oligopeptide-77
Skin ConditioningCitric Acid
BufferingCaprylyl Glycol
EmollientPhenoxyethanol
PreservativeSorbic Acid
PreservativeWater, Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate, Lactobacillus/Kelp Ferment Filtrate, Sodium PCA, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Carnosine, Carnitine, Niacinamide, Tetrahydrodiferuloylmethane, Tetrahydrodemethoxydiferuloylmethane, Tetrahydrobisdemethoxydiferuloylmethane, Ferulic Acid, Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone, Ascorbyl Palmitate, Hyaluronic Acid, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Phloretin, Aloe Barbadensis Extract, Glutathione, Dimethylaminoethanol Tartrate, Ubiquinone, Resveratrol, Centella Asiatica Extract, Lycopene, Thioctic Acid, Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, Sh-Oligopeptide-77, Citric Acid, Caprylyl Glycol, Phenoxyethanol, Sorbic Acid
Reviews
Ingredients Explained
These ingredients are found in both products.
Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount.
Caprylyl Glycol is a humectant, skin conditioner, emollient, and preservative booster derived from either caprylic acid or synthetically created.
Typical use levels vary from 0.3-1% as a preservative booster and go up to 2% to condition skin.
Because it is not a free-fatty acid or alcohol, this ingredient is fungal acne safe (there's nothing for Malassezia to feed on).
Learn more about Caprylyl GlycolGlutathione is an antioxidant naturally found in our bodies. It is made up of three amino acids: glycine, cysteine, and glutamic acid.
As an antioxidant, it prevents oxidative damage to parts of our cell.
While glutathione is said to help with fading dark spots, the results from research are inconclusive. Further studies are needed. With that said, gluthatione has been shown to protect our skin from UV-B induced damage.
This ingredient is naturally occurring in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria.
Learn more about GlutathioneMagnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate (MAP) is a water-soluble form of Vitamin C. It is used in skincare because it tends to be more formulation friendly than pure vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
According to research, MAP has three major benefits:
While MAP is gentler on the skin than ascorbic acid, it is thought to be less easily absorbed into the skin.
In a well-known absorption study, pure vitamin C increased skin vitamin C levels when formulated correctly, but derivatives like MAP did not in that experiment. This suggests MAP may not always convert into active vitamin C in the skin.
Due to MAP's stability up to a pH level of 7, it is more stable to air and sunlight exposure than ascorbic acid. The best pH range for MAP is between 5 and 6.
Learn more about Magnesium Ascorbyl PhosphateNiacinamide is a multitasking form of vitamin B3 that strengthens the skin barrier, reduces pores and dark spots, regulates oil, and improves signs of aging.
And the best part? It's gentle and well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive and reactive skin.
You might have heard of "niacin flush", or the reddening of skin that causes itchiness. Niacinamide has not been found to cause this.
In very rare cases, some individuals may not be able to tolerate niacinamide at all or experience an allergic reaction to it.
If you are experiencing flaking, irritation, and dryness with this ingredient, be sure to double check all your products as this ingredient can be found in all categories of skincare.
When incorporating niacinamide into your routine, look out for concentration amounts. Typically, 5% niacinamide provides benefits such as fading dark spots. However, if you have sensitive skin, it is better to begin with a smaller concentration.
When you apply niacinamide to your skin, your body converts it into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). NAD is an essential coenzyme that is already found in your cells as "fuel" and powers countless biological processes.
In your skin, NAD helps repair cell damage, produce new healthy cells, support collagen production, strengthen the skin barrier, and fight environmental stressors (like UV and pollution).
Our natural NAD levels start to decline with age, leading to slower skin repair, visible aging, and a weaker skin barrier. By providing your skin niacinamide, you're recharging your skin's NAD levels. This leads to stronger, healthier, and younger looking skin.
Another name for vitamin B3 is nicotinamide. This vitamin is water-soluble and our bodies don't store it. We obtain Vitamin B3 from either food or skincare. Meat, fish, wheat, yeast, and leafy greens contain vitamin B3.
The type of niacinamide used in skincare is synthetically created.
Learn more about NiacinamideResveratrol is a well-studied polyphenol antioxidant that has gained attention in skincare for its protective and calming effects on the skin. It’s often considered a gentler option for people who can’t tolerate retinoids.
This antioxidant is best known for its anti-aging benefits. Research suggests resveratrol helps combat visible signs of aging by:
Beyond anti-aging, resveratrol is also valued for its skin-brightening and soothing properties.
Some forms of resveratrol appear to be more effective than others. Resveratrol isobutyrate and resveratrol butyrate are often cited as more stable derivatives.
Research also suggests these two forms have stronger effects on Type I collagen stimulation and inflammation reduction compared to basic resveratrol.
Resveratrol is naturally unstable and can degrade when exposed to light and oxygen. Well-designed products often use stabilized derivatives, airless or opaque packaging, and supporting antioxidants to help maintain effectiveness on skin.
A note on resveratrol as a retinoid alternative:
While resveratrol offers antioxidant protection, inflammation control, and some collagen-supporting benefits, it does not replace retinoids in terms of cell turnover or acne treatment.
However, it can be a useful option for people with retinoid sensitivity or intolerance, or for those looking to support skin health without irritation.
Fun fact: Resveratrol is naturally found in grapes, peanuts, and berries, which is why it’s frequently associated with wine and grape-derived skincare ingredients.
Learn more about ResveratrolWater. It's the most common cosmetic ingredient of all. You'll usually see it at the top of ingredient lists, meaning that it makes up the largest part of the product.
So why is it so popular? Water most often acts as a solvent - this means that it helps dissolve other ingredients into the formulation.
You'll also recognize water as that liquid we all need to stay alive. If you see this, drink a glass of water. Remember to stay hydrated!
Learn more about Water